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further contention. Section 2, Article V, does not mean that the Governor shall hold office beginning on a day four years from and after the first Monday after the first day of January subsequent to his election, but for four years beginning with that first Monday. ENFORCED IN SPIRIT-J. B. F., San Luis Obispo. (1) Article XIX of the Constitution of California, which is leveled particularly at the Chinese, in guaranteeing protection against dangerous aliens, forbidding corporations from employin Chinese, forbidding their employment on public works and discouraging immigration of Chinese, has been attempted to be enforced in its spirit, if not In the strict letter. (2) The section forbidding the empl yment of Chinese by corporations was declared unconstitutional by the United States Circuit Court on various grounds in 1880. Section 4 will be tested shortly in the United States Circuit Court in anaction for damages againstan x-Supervisor, who had caused the arrest of Chinese for failure to comply with an ordinance of which he was the author, prescribing their removal to certain limits for residence within the City and County of San Francisco, said ordinance having been declared unconstitutional also. Yet in the smaller towns in this State the Chinese have been corraled and located within prescribed limits. SUGAR REFINERIES-L. S., City. The first sugar refinery in this city was the San Francisco Sugar Refinery. incorporated in 1855 and in 1862 merged with a new refinery under the name of the San Francisco and Pacific Sugar Refinery. Its buildings were located on the corner of Eighth and Harrison streets, and they "together comprise the largest buildings in the State with the exception of the United States forts," as WAS said of them in 1864 and 1865. About this time also the Bay Sugar Refinery (now the American Sugar Refinery) erected its works on the corner of Battery and Union streets. The California Sugar Refinery was incorporated in 1867, and located its works at the corner of Eighth and Brannan streets. BANK OF CALIFORNIA-A. D. M., City. (1) It was on the 26th of August, 1875, that the Bank of California and the National Gold Bank and Trust Comp any suspended, followed by an indefinite adjournment of the Stock Boards and a run on all the banks, which latter ceased on the 28th. (2) On the 25th there was a great decline in the value of mining stocks, and by reason of the financial disorders the banks could not, for the time being, meet the demands upon them. W. C. Ralston resigned on the 27th the presidency of the Bank of California, making a transfer of all his property to William Sharon, and a few hours afterward was drowned at North Beach while bathing. LEGISLATIVE JOURNALS-J. B. F., San Luis Obispo, Cal. The journal of proceedings of the Legislature of this State is published in bo k form at the close of the session and such copies can be procured from the Secretary of State. As regards the daily journals, also printed by the State Printer, no one is deputed to mail or circulate them abroad, and there is probably no other way of procuring them, unless through some Senator or Assemblyman, or some other friend at court. The published book of laws, also printed at the close of the session, may be bought from the Secretary of State for each. But all these things are regulated by statute. FICTITIOUS FIRM NAMES.-A. D. L., Princeton, Cal. Every partnership transacting business in this State under a fictitious name, or a des gnation not showing the names of the persons interested as partners in such business (excepting a commercial or banking partnership established and transacting business in a place without the United States), every change in the members of such partnership, and every special partnership must by law be certificated, and also published or recorded. Until these conditions have been complied with the partners do not constitute a legal firm, and of course have no standing in law as a partnership firm. PESACH-T. S., Lovelock, Cal. "Pesach" is a Hebrew word from "pesah" and "pasah," meaning "to leap over, to pass by,' and has come to mean the passover, in commemoration of the Israelites remaining intact on the night of the destruction of the first born in Egypt, immediately preceding the exodus from that country. Thus in its meaning of the paschal lamb, the sacrifice offered at the feast of the Passover, the Bible says in Exodus Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said unto them, draw out and take you a lamb according to your families and kill the passover,' the sacrifice being indicative of the festival. THEIR NUMBER Is UNKNOWN-J. S., San Diego, Cal. It was never ascertained how many Indians were killed or even engaged in the massacre of Custer and his command. In fact, of the movements of General Custer and the five cavalry tro ps under him scarcely anything is known. Estimates have been made that he was attacked by from 2000 to 7000 fighting men, though official reports reduced the number to 2500 to 3000, and certain it is that boys and squaws were among the concealed comb tants. True also that General Miles received hostages for the surrender of about 2000 Indians only. SCHOOL LANDS J. B. F., San Luis Obispo, Cal. Under an act of Congress approved April 4, 1841, distributing the proceeds of the public lands among the several, States of the Union 500,000 acres of land were granted to the new States, California among the number, to be inviolably appropriated to the support of the common schools in each State. The choice of the sixteenth and thirty-sixth sections of the Congress-donated lands and their sale for township school purposes is also authorized by subsequent Congressional and legislative enactments. PROCTOR'S WIDOW-M. R. C., Vallejo, Cal. The Q. C. has not read the article in the Youth's Companion by Norman Lockyer, F. R. S., from which you quote that
