gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
124dcbc542494dce
Response Measures
Full suspension
Other: Comptroller appointed a receiver for the bank (receiver later sold bank assets).
Receivership Details
Depositor recovery rate
65.5%
Date receivership started
1893-06-12
Date receivership terminated
1899-10-23
OCC cause of failure
Losses
Share of assets assessed as good
16.6%
Share of assets assessed as doubtful
61.1%
Share of assets assessed as worthless
22.3%
Description
Articles report president's suicide amid financial trouble then immediate suspension; receiver appointed weeks later.
Events (5)
1.July 16, 1887Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2.May 18, 1893Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
President M. Ullman committed suicide amid suspected financial embarrassments and prior rumors, prompting depositors to withdraw.
Measures
Bank closed its doors immediately (suspended payments)
Newspaper Excerpt
The news spread rapidly and depositors started a run, and in a few minutes the Oglethorpe National Bank closed its doors
Source
newspapers
3.May 18, 1893Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Immediate suspension followed the suicide of the bank president and the rapid run by depositors.
Newspaper Excerpt
the Oglethorpe National bank ... suspended today
Source
newspapers
4.June 12, 1893Receivership
Source
historical_nic
5.June 12, 1893Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
The controller of the currency has appointed Joseph W. Bennet, receiver of the Oglethorpe National Bank of Brunswick. Ga.
Source
newspapers
Newspaper Articles (23)
1.May 18, 1893San Antonio Daily LightSan Antonio, TX
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Article Text
Suicided-Two Banks Busted. NEW ORLEANS, May 18.-The southern afternoon press special from Savannah says that Max Ullman, a prominent merchant and banker of Brunswick, Georgia, committed suicide there this morning. The Oglesthorpe Nathional bank, and First National bank, both of Brunswick, suspended today. Great excitement is said to prevail there, but no further details have been obtained as yet.
2.May 19, 1893The Record-UnionSacramento, CA
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Article Text
COMMITTED SUICIDE. The Way & Georgia Bank President Rรฉpaid a Loan. BRUNSWICK (Ga.), May 18.-M. Ullman, President of the Ogelthorpe National Bank, committed suicide in a toilet-room this morning. Beside being President of the Ogelthorpe Bank, he was President of the Brunswick Brewing and Ice Company and a line of river steamers, and was a large stockholder in various enterprises. President Burthage of the First National Bank requested Ullman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right, wait a moment," said Ullman, stepping into the toilet-room. A moment later Burthage heard a report. Ullman was found sitting upright with a bullet hole in the center of his forehead. The news spread rapidly and depositors started a run, and in a few minutes the Oglethorpe National Bank closed its doors, followed immediately by the First National Bank. A slight run was commenced on the Brunswick State Bank, but it met all demands. Mayer & Ullman, wholesale grocers, closed temporarily. The Brunswick Brewery and Brunswick Cotton Factory will also close temporarily. The Oglethorpe Bank was capitalized at $150,000, and the First National at $200,000. The officers of both banks say the claims will be paid in full.
3.May 19, 1893The Indianapolis JournalIndianapolis, IN
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Article Text
Suicide and Two Bank Suspensions. BRUNSWICK, Ga.. May 18-M. Ullman, president of the Oglethorpe National Bank, committed suicide in the toilet room of the bank this morning. He was considered one of the wealthiest men in this section. The supposition is that Uilman had become crazed by financial troubles. The news spread rapidly and depositors started a run. A few minutes later the Oglethorne National Bank closed its doors, and it was immediately followed by the First National.
4.May 19, 1893The Madison Daily LeaderMadison, SD
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Article Text
National Banks Suspend. NEW ORLEANS, May 19.-The Oglethorpe National bank and the Brunswick National bank, both of Brunswick, Ga., suspended just after Max Ullin, one of the leading merchants and bankers of that city, had committed suicide. What connection his death has with the suspensions is not yet known, but dispatches say there is great excitement in Brunswick.
5.May 19, 1893The Seattle Post-IntelligencerSeattle, WA
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Article Text
GEORGIA BANKER'S SUICIDE. M. Ulmann, of Brunswick, Kills Him. self in the Bank. BRUNSWICK, Ga., May 18.-M. Ulmann, president of the Oglethorpe National bank, committed suicide in the toilet room of the bank this morning. Besides being president of the Oglethorpe bank he was president of the Brunswick Brewing and Ice Company and ran a line of river steamers and was a large stockholder in various enterprises. President Burthage, of the First National bank, requested Ulmann to repay a loan made the day before. "All right: wait a moment," said Ulmann, stepping into the toilet room. A moment later Mr. Burth. age heard a report and Ulmann was found sitting upright with a bullet hole in the center of his forehead. The news spread rapidly, and depositors started a run. In a few minutes the Oglethorpe National bank closed its doors, and was followed almost immediately by the First National A run was commenced on the Brunswick State bank. but it met all demands. Mayor & Uimaan, wholesale grocers, closed temporarily, The Bruns. wick brewery and Brunswick cotton factory will also close temporarily. The Oglethorpe bank was capitalized at $150,000 and the First National at $200,000. The officers of both banks say that the claims will be paid in full.
6.May 19, 1893The HeraldLos Angeles, CA
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Article Text
A BULLET THROUGH HIS BRAIN, The Sensational Suicide of a Bank President. He Was Asked to Repay a Loan Which Embarrassed Him. Several Banks and Other Business Institutions Suspended in Consequance of the Tragedy, Financial News. / By the Associated Press. BRUNSWICK, Ga., May 18. --- -M. Ullman, president of the Ogelthorpa National bank, committed suicide in a toilet room this morning. Besides being president of the Ogelthorpe bank, he was president of the Brunswick Brewing and Ice company and a line of river steamers and a large stockholder in various enterprises. President Burthage of he First National bank requested Ullman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right wait a moment," said Uullman, stepping into the toilet room. A moment later Burthage heard the report of a pistol. Ullman was found sitting upright with a bullel hole in the center of his forehead. The news spread rapidly, and the depositors started a run. In a few minutes the Ogelthorpe National bank closed its doors, followed almost immediately by the First National bank. A slight run was commenced on the Brunswick State bank, but it met all demands. Mayer . & Ullman, wholesale grocers, closed temporarily. The Brunewick brewery and the Brunswick cotton factory will also be closed temporarily. The Ogelthorpe bank was capitalized at $150,000, and the First National at $200,000. The officers of both banks say the claims will be paid in full.
7.May 19, 1893The Daily Morning AstorianAstoria, OR
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Article Text
WOULD NOT FACE DISHONOD. Brunswick, Georgia, May 18.-M. Ullman, president of the Oglethorpe National Bank committed suicide in the toilet room of the bank this morning. President Burthage of the First National Bank requested Ullman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right; wait a minute," said Ullman, stepping into the toilet room. In a moment Mr. Burthage heard a report and Ullman was found sitting upright, with a bullet hole in the center of his forehead. The news spread rapidly and the depositors started a run. In a few minutes the Oglethorpe National Bank closed its doors, followed almost immediately by the First National. A slight run was commenced on the Brunswick State Bank but the bank met all demands. Mayor and Ullman wholesale grocers, closed temporarily. The Brunswick Brewery and the Brunswick Cotton Factory will also close temporarily. The Oglethorpe Bank was capitalized at $150,000, and the First National'at $200,000. The officers of both banks say that the creditors will be paid in full.
8.May 20, 1893The Portland Daily PressPortland, ME
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Article Text
CRAZED BY MONEY TROUBLES, Banker Ulman Took Laudanum and Then Blew Out His Brains. BRUNSWICK, Ga., May 19.-M. Ulman, proprietor of the Oglethorp National Bank, who committed suicide yesterday, was considered one of the wealthiest men in this section. Besides being president of the Oglethorp Bank, he was president of the Brunswick Brewing and Ice Company, and a line of river steamers, and was a large stockholder in various enterprises. President Burbage of the First National Bank called at the Oglethorp Bank yesterday shortly after opening, and requested Mr. Ulman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right; wait a moment," said Ulman, stepping into the toilet room. A moment later Burbage heard a report. Ulman was found sitting upright with a bullet hole in the centre of his forehead. In his pockets were found an ounce bottle of laudanum and an unsigned bond drawn to protect a large depositor who had demanded his money the day before. The supposition is that Ulman had become crazed by financial troubles, and his inability to protect his friends drove him to suicide. The news spread rapidly, and depositors started a run. In a few minutes the Oglethorp National Bank closed its doors, followed almost immediately by the First National. A slight run commenced on the Brunswick State Bank. but it met all demands.
9.May 20, 1893Santa Fe Daily New MexicanSanta Fe., Santa Fe, NM
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Article Text
More Banks Go Down. LINCOLN, Neb., May 0.-The Nebraska Savings bank is in trouble. For several days there has been quite a run on the institution but the worst is now thought to be over and it will weather the storm. Savannah. - Dispatches from Brunswick, Ga., state that the First National bank and Oglethorp National bank of that city, closed their doors yesterday, and that M. Ulman, president of the last named bank, committed suicide. These banks have been looked upon as shaky for some time. Chicago.-The Evanston National bank, of Evanston, Ill., has closed its doors at the suggestion of National Bank Examiner Geo. B. Caldwell who, after a days work on the books of the bank, met the directors in the bank and suggested this course. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. It is said depositors will be paid in full.
10.May 20, 1893The WorldMartinsburg, WV
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A Banker Commits Suicide. UllBRUNSWICK, Ga., May 19.-M. man committed suicide Thursday. He was president of the Oglethorpe national bank, Brunswick brewery, Cumberland Route steamers, half owner of Mayer & Ullman's immense wholesale grocery, and until Thursday was considered one of the wealthiest men in this section. His suicide was followed by the immediate suspension of the Oglethorpe and first national banks
11.May 20, 1893The Roanoke TimesRoanoke, VA
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Article Text
TRAGEDY IN A BANK. Bank President Ulman Commits Suicide and Two Banks Suspend. BRUNSWICK, Ga., May 19.-M. Uilman, president of the Oglethorpe National bank, committed suicide in the toilet room of the bank. Up to this time he was considered one of the wealthiest men of this section. President Burbage of the First National bank called at the Oglethorpe bank shortly after opening and requested Ullman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right, wait a moment," said Ullman, stepping into the toilet room. A moment later Burbage heard a report. Ullman was found sitting upright with a ...liet hole in the center of his forehead. The supposition is that Ullman had been azed by financial troubles. The news spread rapidly and depositors started on a run. In a few minutes the Oglethorpe National base closed its doors, followed almost immediately by the First National. The Brunswick brewery and the Brunswick cotton factory will also close temporarily.
12.May 24, 1893The Indiana State SentinelIndianapolis, IN
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Article Text
BANKER COMMITS SUICIDE. President Ullman, Unable to Weather the Storm, Shoots Himself. BRUNSWICK, Ga., May 18.-M. Ullman, president of the Oglethorpe national bank, committed suicide in the toilet room of the bank this morning. He was considered one of the wealthiest men in this section. Besides being president of the Oglethorpe bank he was president of the Brunswick brewing and ice company, and line of river steamers, and was & large stockholder in various enterprises. President Burlbadge of the First national bank called at the Oglethorpe bank shortly after opening and requested Ullman to repay a loan made the day before. "All right, wait 8 minute," said Ullman, stopping into the toilet room. A moment later Burlbadge heard a report. Ullman was found sitting upright with a bullet hole in the center of his forehead. In his pockets were found an ounce bottle of Jaudanum and an unsigned bond drawn to protect a large depositor who had demanded his money the day before. The supposition is that Ullman had become crazed by financial troubles, and his inability to protect his friends drove him to suicide. The news spread rapidly and depositors started a run. In a few minutes the Oglethorpe na= tional bank closed its doors, immediately followed by the First D& tional. A slight run commenced on the Brunswick state bank but it met all demands. Mayer & Ullman, wholesale grocers, have closed temporarily. The firm is composed of Samuel Mayer and M. Ullman. The Brunswick brewery and the Brunswick cotton factory will also close temporarily. Rumors affecting the two banks had been in circulation for several days. These became public after the tragedy, causing the runs. The Oglethorpe was cap* italized at $160.000 and the First national at $200,000. The officers of both banks say that claims will be paid in full.
13.May 25, 1893The Redwood GazetteRedwood Falls, MN
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MORE BANKS FAIL. Several Financial Institutions in Various Places Close Their Doors. MINNEPOLIS, Minn., May 18.-The Citizens' bank suspended payment yesterday. The notice on the door says that depositors will be paid in full. A dispatch from Zumbrota says the Bank of Zumbrota closed its doors yesterday. EVANSTON, Ill., May 19.-The Evanston national bank of this city closed its doors yesterday at the suggestion of National Bank Examiner George B. Caldwell. BRUNSWICK, Ga.. May 19.-The Oglethorpe national bank and the Brunswick national bank. both of this city, suspended yesterday. and M. Uliman, president of the first named bank, committed suicide.
14.May 25, 1893The Marietta JournalMarietta, GA
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Article Text
THE Oglethorpe National and the First National Bank, of Brunswick, Ga., suspended last Thursday, being short in money. President Max Ullman, of the Oglethorpe National Bank, suicided by shooting himself There is great excitement in Brunswick.
15.May 26, 1893San Saba County NewsSan Saba, TX
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Banker Suicides. SAVANNAH, Ga., May 19.-Max Ullman, a prominent merchant and banker of Brunswick, Ga., committed suicide here yesterday morning. The Oglethorpe national bank and the First national bank, both of Brunswick, suspended yesterday, and great excitement is said to prevail there, but no further details have been obtained yet.
16.June 13, 1893Evening StarWashington, DC
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Bank Receivers Appointed. The controller of the currency has appointed receivers of insolvent national banks as follows: Joseph W. Bennet, receiver of the Oglethorpe National Bank of Brunswick. Ga. Charles M. Wilson. receiver of the First National Bank of Lakota. North Dakota. Elmer A. Howard, receiver of the First National Bank of Cedar Falls, Iowa. Henry H. Kerr, receiver of the First National Bank of Brady, Texas.
, Bank Receiver. I WASHINGTON, June 12.-Comptroller of the currency has appointed Jos. W. Bennett receiver of the Oglethorpe bank, : Brunswick, Ga.
18.June 14, 1893The State ChronicleRaleigh, NC
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Appointed Receiver. By Southern Associated Press. WASHINGTON, June 13.-The Comptroller of the Currency b . appointed Joseph W. W. Bentest, receiver of the Ogelthorpe National Bank, Brunswick, Ga.
Bennett, receiver of the Oglethorpe National Bank of Brunswick, i Ga.; Charles M Wilson, receiver of the First National Bank of Lakota, N. D.; Eimer A. Howard, receiver of the First National Bank of Cedar Falls, Iowa, and Henry H. Kerr, receiver of the First National Bank of Brady, Texas.
20.June 22, 1893The CometJohnson City, TN
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COMPTROLTER Eckels yesterday ap. pointed receivers for the Oglethorp National Bank, of Burnswick, Ga.,; First National Bank, of Lakota, N. D. First National of Cedar Falls, Ia., and the First National, of Brady, Texas.
21.June 23, 1893The Weekly Union TimesUnion, SC
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TWO BANKS FAIL And a Receiver Has Been Appointed for a Third. OMAHA, NEB - -The American National Bank is in the hands of Comptroller J. L. McCague, president, and it is supposed that the American National's connection with the McCague Savings Bank, caused its downfall. There are heavy runs on all the savings banks here. A SALT LAKE CITY BANK. SALT LAKE UTAH.-The Park City Bank has suspended. Liabilities $130,000; assets as much. The claim is made that the bank will shortly resume The assignee says that the depositors are to be paid 80 cents on the dollar. BANK RECEIVER APPOINTED. WASHINGTON, D. C.-The Comptroller of the Currency has appointed Joseph W. Bennett receiver of the Oglethorpe National Bank, Brunswick, G.I.
22.March 21, 1896The Morning NewsSavannah, GA
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An Offer for a Brunswick Bank. Brunswick, Ga., March 20. - The Merchants and Traders Bank made an offer of $12,500 spot cash for the Oglethorpe bank building to-day. Receiver Bennett has the offer under consideration, and it will probably be accepted at a conference of the creditors. Judge Sweat, in chambers to-day, granted a charter to the South Brunswick Company, which has been organized to develop ital. South Brunswick, with $200,000 cap-
23.January 18, 1899The Brunswick TimesBrunswick, GA
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Receiver's Sale. In accordance with the terms and directions issued and directed to the undersigned lig (b) Honorable Emory Speer, Judge of the States Circuit Court for the Eastern of the Southern District of Georgia date December 24th, A. D. 1898. I Will to sell to the highest bidder for east outery in front of the building formerty 00 pied by the Ogletho Do National Bauk in the City of Brueswick Hynn, and State inethe same being the FULL day OIN 10 o'clock a, m., of enicolly, all Oglethorpe National Bank of Brunnw gia, remaining in my hands as receiver or bank, to-wit: The following neri facias issued out of the U. Ircuit court at Savannah, Ga. 12, W W all del W. b. Bur-
Bank runs are almost always and everywhere a deterioration of bank fundamentals.
But not for you.
You are the measure-zero exception: great fundamentals, solid bank, and yet the Diamond Dybvig fairy spread its rumor. Depositors woke up. Your collateral was not prepositioned. The Clearinghouse had it for you.
Do not pass Go. Do not collect $200. Go directly to jail… or worse.