Leather Manufacturers Bank (New York, NY)

Episode Information

Episode UID
3807912290694
Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Bank ID
380791229 hash
Start Date
October 13, 1857
Location
New York, New York (40.714, -74.006)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
bbdbd8b2b70ef4f7

Response Measures

None

Events (3)
1. October 13, 1857 Run
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Severe city-wide runs and panic during the financial crisis of October 1857, with widespread rumors and heavy withdrawals across many New York banks.
Measures
Paid out specie during the run then closed doors to customers.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Leather Manufacturers Bank subsequently closed its doors.
Source
newspapers
2. October 13, 1857 Suspension
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Part of the coordinated suspension of specie payments by New York City banks amid the October 1857 panic; bank shut doors and suspended specie payments.
Newspaper Excerpt
The banks have resolved to suspend specie payments as far as paying over the counters is concerned... Leather Manufacturers' Bank subsequently closed its doors.
Source
newspapers
3. October 14, 1857 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
LEATHER MANUFACTURERS' BANK. The business of this institution was resumed on Wednesday morning, with the same restrictions as in the case of the other banks.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (12)
1. October 14, 1857 The New York Herald New York, NY
Article from The New York Herald, October 14, 1857

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THE WARE caterualy w T 187 Greenwich street 1-North River Back Cor. Fakton and Greenwich 2-Ocean Bank Car. Greenwich & Warren. 8.-Irving " 166 Greenwich street. M-Merchants' Exchange " if 187 6.-New York Exchange a-Otisens Bank 68 Bowery. 90 Wall street. T.Marine " 8-Market Oar. Pearl & Beek man eta. One. Chatham and Duane. a.-Chatham " 177 Chatham street. 10.-Tradesman's Bank " 7 Wall 11.-84 N I shoins " 12-Butchers' & Drovers' Cor. Bowery and Grand at. 395 Canal street. 18.-People's Back Third avenue 14.-Bull's Head BADK " 16.-New York Eights avenue and 14th at 16-Leather Manufacturers' 45 William street. " 19-Artisans' Bank 117 Nassan 18.-Broadway " Cor. Broadway & Park place. The banks in Greenwich street closed their doors early, and the news spread like wildfire up town, and EOOB thought down a stream of small depositors and bill hold. ers, wao eagerly crowded upon the staps, where they were met by the bank porters and policemen, who in. formed them that the banks we e closed, and could not transact any business. The anxiety increased as hour at. ter hear brought fresh batches, paie with excitement and starm, to the scene throughout the entire day they onesinced to throng around the deors of the banks, altogether presenting a ploto e of a paste stricken multitude rarely seen even in a greas financial crieis. The backs on the Bowery and Chatham street-the Citisens' and Chetham-did not exalet the same scenes of excitement as those on Greenwich street and Wall street. But round the Enterbers' and Drovers' the confusion was considerable for some same The American Exchange and the Beak of the Republic, for some reason or other drew around them van concourae of people, so much so that la the Ameri can Exchange a large police force was in requisition to keep the bank clear in order that business could be trare. acted. The attempts to allay the pacie, and the seminances of the safety of the city banks which had previously, dayage the FGB on the Park and other banks, been success 01, utterly failed to have effect yesterday, in the face of the fact that depositions found the back doors closed against them, and that every moment throughout the day was freighted with intelligence of another, and now another, bank gone. Each report, of courie, served at first to heap fuel on the fire, and increase the excitement, but as the extent of the failures came to be realized, alarm seemed to actile down into silent despondency; and at the 0 one of basiness hours the crowds round the emailer banks gradually diepersed, heavy with the presage that the morrow was des. Meed to bring increased disester. Probably the reason why the bank suspensions of yearerday created so marh external evidence or alarm may be traced to the fact that the pressure fell upon so many small depositors: jest that class whose fears are net easily wrought upon, and whose interests will suffer most seriously The condition of the eighteen banks which sussended yesterday, as exhibited on Saturday last, was as follows CONDITION OF THE SURPENDED BANKS Naminal Name

2. October 14, 1857 Worcester Daily Spy Worcester, MA
Article from Worcester Daily Spy, October 14, 1857

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The run upon the Mechanics, Merchants, Bank of America, Manhattan, and American Banks, was severe and continued up to the close of business. The Broadway Bank held out till nearly 3 o'clock, paying out $140,000 in specie, when it gave out. The Leather Manufacturers Bank subsequently closed its doors, The Seventh Ward and Fulton Banks held out under a tremendious pressure. The Peoples Bank closed at 2 o'clock, after paying out $19,000 in specie during the day. The Bank of the State of New York paid out its last dollar, and certifled all checks presented, and then yielded. The American Exchange paid all demands, but several others shut out their customers at three o'clock. The Bank of North America was protest. ed this afternoon. The Corn Exchange refused to pay specie or bills, but certified checks. The Oriental, Mechanics' and Traders, Bowery Savings, Shoe and Leather, Continental, American Exchange, and Metropolitan, paid every demand up to three o'clock, the usual hour of closing. The whole number of banks suspended, including those of yesterday. is nineteen. A bank meeting was held this afternoon, at which it is understood that a proposition for a general suspension was to be discussed, as also the propriety of urging the Governor to convene an extra session of the legislature. At the second board of the stock exchange stocks all took a rise under the belief that the banks will suspend specie payments tomorrowMissouri 6 1-2, Cleveland and Toledo 20 12. Chicago and Rock Island 58, Reading 33, New York Central 55, Harlem 6, Hudson River 10, Panama 65. There was no run of any account on the Bowery Savings Banks, except the Bowery and Bleecker street. They are of the strongest in the city, and have on hand large quantities of specie. The former at the opening today had one million dollars in available means. The following country banks were discredited today :-Oswego River, Goshen; Merchants' Bank. Syracuse: Briggs Bank, Clyde Bank of Commerce, Carmel; Orange County Bank ; Eagle Bank, Rochester ; Bank of Newburg ; Hudson County Bank : Poughkeepsie Bank ; Ulster County Bank; Sussex Bank ; Farmers' and Drovers' Bank; Bank of State of New York : Hoboken City Bank; Jersey City Bank ; Farm. ers' Bank of Montague.

3. October 15, 1857 The Davenport Daily Gazette Davenport, IA
Article from The Davenport Daily Gazette, October 15, 1857

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P New York Bank Escitemome. NEW YORK, Oct. 13. Wall street at 2 o'clock, was crowded with an anxious mass of people. The steps of all the Banks were also blocked up by people their . into the Banks. At the American forcing Exchange y David Leavitt addressed the crowd, assuring them that all the Banks would pay to the last dollar, He also announced that an arrangement had been made with several of the strongest Banks to get through without suspension. It is believed, however, in. the street, that the suspension will be general. It in understood, that some of our heaviest houses have withdrawn their gold from the Banks and replaced it as special deposits. There were rumore during the morn ing affecting nearly all the Banks in the city, susto but pended the list up gives a P. all M. that The had others certainly it is be lieved continued to meet their liabilities to the close of business hours. LATEST-FOUR MORE BANKA SUSPENDED The runs upon the Mechanics and Mer chants, Bank of America, Manhattan and American Exchange Banks were severe, and continued up to the close of business. The Broadway Bank held out till nearly 3 o'clock paying out $140,000 in specie, when it gave out. The Leather Manufacturers Bank subsequently closed its doors. The Seventh Ward and Fulton Banks held out under a tremen dous run. The People's Bank closed at 2 o'clock, af ter paying out $19,000 specie during the day The Bank of the State of New York paid out its last dollar, and certified all checks present ed, and then yielded. The Americian Ex change Bank paid all demands but several oth ers shut out their customers at 3 o'clock The Bank of North America was protested this P. M. The Corn Exchange Bank refused to pay specie or bills, but certified checks. The Oriental, Mechanics and Traders, Brow. ery Savings, Shoe and Leather, Continental, American Exchange and Metropolitan Banks paid their demands up to a o'clock, the usual hour for closing. The whole number suspended to-day, those that were included with the returns of yesterday, is sixteen. A bank meeting was held this P.M., st which it is understood a proposition for gen eral suspension was discussed, as also the pro priety of urging the Governor to CONVEU e an extra session of the Legislature At the second board of the Stock E :change Stocks all took a rise under the belief that the banks will suspend specie payments -morrow Missouri sixes, GO 1-2, Chicago and Rock Is. land, 58; Reading, 33, New Yor k Central, 66 ; Panama, 31. There was no run of any acc ount on the Savings Banks, excepting the N roadway and the Bleeker street. They are of the strongest in the city and have on hand I arge quantities of specie. The form at the opening day had $100,000 in ave vilable me ns. The following are in substs Jices The officlal resolution an passed at the meeting of the That the bank Bank of residents New York this suspend evening specie payment a far as the paying it over their counters is concerned, but regular ex changes of one another's bills at the Clearing House; that a Committee be appointed w confer with the Governor of the State in reference to calling an extra session of the Legialature to legalize the suspension; that suc le Committee leave for Albany at 12 o'clock to morrow.

4. October 15, 1857 New-York Daily Tribune New York, NY
Article from New-York Daily Tribune, October 15, 1857

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gold on deposit, not more than $10,000. Several pas. ple came for their specie in the morning. The besiness generally was more healthy than it has been for come days past. DRY-DOCK BANK. All is perfectly quiet at this institution, and it con Linues, for the present, to meet all demands against in gold. EAST RIVER BANK. The excitement which was manifested about this bank when it first suspended specie payments appears to have subsided; but the officers decline giving my information relative to the affairs of the institution. FULTON BANK. This bank is doing business as usual, specio ments alone being suspended. Before refuing spocia, pay. they had paid out $60,000 in gold to depositors, have $122,000 left. They did not refuse specionalM ME Wednesday morning. Several small specie deposits were made yesterday morning, and before the bank closed & large amount of gold had been deposited One house put in over $6,000. There seems to be a very general impression that business improve. The bank paid to the Clearing-House in the morning $16,000 in gold. In cases where billholders required small sums of specie they were cheerfully accomme! dated. Where it was evident that the gold was wanted for brokers and speculators, it - refund. The receipts were $125,000, payments $225,100, up to GROCERS' BANK. This bank was doing no business. Mr. Charles Denison, the President, was on Tuesday appointed Receiver for the institution, but it has not yet been decided to go into liquidation, as the decision of the Courts will admit of the vacation of the order, and permit the Bank to resume business if its managers desire to. GREENWICH BANK. The amount of deposits and money paid out at this institution was about one half of that on the preceding day. On Tuesday, the deposits were, in round REALbers, $60,000, while on the following day they amounted to not far from $30,000. The amount drawn out yes. terday in bills exceeded the deposits by perhaps $20,000, while on Tuesday-the eventful day of the week-the drain on the treasure in their vaults was $100,000. They express themselves perfectly satisfied with the present appearance of financial matters, and calmly await the progress of events, being assured that the worst has passed. HANOVER BANK. The Hanever Bank has received some ten or twelve thousand dollars in gold on deposit, according to the statement of its President. Our reporter was requested not to interrupt the tellers, and was able to learn nothing more than that the transactions were not extraordinary. IMPORTERS' AND TRADERS' BANK. The Importers' and Traders' Bank received some $8,000 in gold on deposit. Many depositors are drawing out their deposits in bills in the fear that a receiver may be appointed, and their deposits be locked up. IRVING BANK. This bank opened at the usual hour yesterday morning for the transaction of all business except redemption in specie, and its counters were visited durirg the day by numerous depositors. Confidence appeared to be entirely restored among its customers, and they were returning for the usual business transactions. LEATHER MANUFACTURERS' BANK. The business of this institution was resumed on Wednesday morning, with the same restrictions as in the case of the other banks. The Teller was directed in his discretion to pay specie on the bills of the bank when presented in small amounts, and when the transaction seemed to be in good faith. When the bank suspended on Tuesday they bad over $40,000 in coin is their vault and $90,000 in the Clearing House. MANHATTAN COMPANY. The line leading to the teller's wicket of the Manhattan Company numbered near fifty persons within a few minutes after the doors were opened; there WES no excitement however, and the usual business was transacted with the exception of paying out onin. Many were present to have checks certified. MERCHANTS' BANK. But few persons were present, and these manifested LO evidence of distrust or excitement. No change was perceptible in the business, except in the non-payment of coin. NATIONAL BANK. There was no excitement about the doors of this institution. The usual routine of business was followed with the exception of paying coin. In some instances bank bills were paid on checks, but this was avoided by the bank as far as possible. There were but few persons in attendance at the bank during the day. There was over $500,000 in coin in the vault of the bank when the doors were closed. BANK OF NORTH AMERICA. Everything was quiet at this bank, and business was conducted as usual-the payment of coin to depositors excepted. When bills of the bank were presented in small amounts, they were redeemed in specie. In cases where it was evident that the coin was asked for purposes of speculation, it was refused. MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE BANK. This bank is continuing business as usual, with the exception of payments in specie. They yesterdey morning paid their indebtedness to the Clearing House, and opened their doors for business as usual The officers state that the Bank is in & situation to move along with the customary business without barrasement. While our reporter was in the Bank yesterday & number of deposits were made, and all was quiet outside, there being no crowd or excited ment. MARINE BANK. Before closing this bank paid out, in the two days' run, to depositors and bill-holders, $50,000. They have now less than $25,000 in the vaults. Business goes on as usual, specie payments excepted. The receipts yesterday were $64,000, of which $5,000 was is specie, and disbursements $44,000. To accommodate legitimate business the bank paid specie for bills is small amounts. MARKET BANK. This bank is doing business as usual, with the exception of refusing specie payments. Current bills are received on deposit and checks certified and paid

5. October 16, 1857 Richmond Enquirer Richmond, VA
Article from Richmond Enquirer, October 16, 1857

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MISCELLANEOUS. THE BANK FAILURESIN NEW YORK-MEETING OF BANK OFFICERS. NEW YORK, Oct. 13, P. M.-To-day has been a very exciting one in financial matters. Up to two o'clock fifteen of our city banks had suspended, of which the following is a revised list, namely:-Bank of New York, Artizan's, St. Nicholas, Chatham, Ocean, Market, Butchers' and Drovers', Merchants' Exchange, Irving, Citizens', Tradesmen's, Bull's Head, New York Exchange, North River, and Marine Bank. Wall street, at two o'clock, was crowded with an anxious mass of people. The steps of all the banks were also blocked up by the people foreing their way into the banks. There were rumors during the morning affecting nearly all the banks in the city, but the above list gives all that had certainly suspended up to three o'clock. The sales of rail road stocks at the first board were small at a general decline. In State stocks the business done was quite large at 8 decline, excepting Virginia and Missouri stocks. Bank stocks were all sold at 8 decline. The run on the Brooklyn Savings Bank was renewed to-day, but with less vigor and the bank pay. ing promptly. There have been several failures in the dry goods line announced to-day, but none very prominent. GREAT RUN ON THE BANKS AND FAILURE OF SOME OF THE STRONGEST IN THE CITY. The run upon the Mechanics, Bank of America, Manhattan and American Banks was very severe, and continued up to the close of business. The Broadway Bank held out till nearly 3 o'clock, and paid out $140,000 in specie, when it gave out. The Leather Manufacturers' Bank subsequently closed its doors. The Seventh Ward and Fulton Banks held out under 8 tremendous pressure. The People's Bank closed at 2 o'clock, after pay. ing out $19,000 in specie during the day. The Bank of the State of New York paid out its last dollar, and certified all checks presented, and then yielded. The American Exchange Bank paid all demands upon it, but several others shut out their customers at 3 o'clock. The Bank of North America suffered protest this afternoon. The Corn Exchange Bank refused to pay specie or bills, but certified checks. The Oriental, Mechanics and Traders', Bowery Savings, Shoe and Leather, Continental, American Exchange, and Metropolitan, paid every demand up to the usual hour of closing. STILL LATER-THE BANKS RESOLVED TO SUSPEND. NEW YORK, Oct. 13-11 P. M.-The following official announcement has been made from the bank meeting: The banks have all resolved to suspend specie payments, as far as paying at the counter is concerned, and to make a regular exchange of each other's bills at the Clearing House. It has also been resolved to send 8 committee to confer with the Governor in reference to calling a meeting of tha Legislature. The committee will leave for Albany to morrow at 12 o'clock. It appears that the Marine Bank was stopped by an injunction, at the instance of one of its customers. It is presumed that the other stoppages were effected in the same way. By this means the penalty of winding up which attaches to suspension under the banking laws af this State is evaded, and it is rendered probable that the suspension in most cases is only temporary. This understanding relieves the excitement.

6. October 17, 1857 Sunbury American Sunbury, PA
Article from Sunbury American, October 17, 1857

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FINANCIAL AFFAIRS IN NEW YORK NEW YORK, Oct. 13.-To-day has been a most exciting one in financial matters. Up to 2 o'clock, fifteen of the city banks suspend. ed specie payments, of which the following is a revised list, viz: Bank of New York, Artisans', St. Nicholas Chatham, Ocean Market. Butchers and Drovers', Merchants' Exchange, Irving. Citizens', Tradesmen's, Bull's Head, New York Exchange, North River and Marine. Wall street at 2 o'clock was crowded with an anxious mass of people. The steps of all the banks were also blocked by people foreing their way into the banks. At the American Exchange Bank David Leavit addressed the crowd, assuring them that the bank would pay all, to the last dollar. He also announced that an arrangement had been made with several of the strongest banks to go through without suspension. It is believed, however, that the suspension will be general. It is understood that some of our heaviest houses have withdrawn their gold from the banks and replaced it as a special deposit. There were rumors during the day. affecting nearly all the banks in the city, but the above list gives all that certainly suspended up to 3 o'clock. The run on the Brooklyn Savings Bank was renewed to-day, but with less vigor, the Bank paying promptly. Several failures among the dry goods firms are announced, but none very prominent. THE LATEST.-The run upon the Mechanics', Merchants', Bank of America, Manhattan and American Banks. was severe, and continued up to the close of business. The Broadway Bank held out till nearly 3 o'clock, paying out $140,000 in specie, when it gave out. The Leather Manufacturers' Bank subsequently closed its doors. The Seventh Ward and Fulton Banks held out under a tremendous pressure. The People's Bank closed at two o'clock, after paying out $19,000 in specie during the day. The Bank of New York paid out its last dollar, and certified all checks presented, and then yielded. The American Exchange Bank paid all demands, but several others shut out their customers at three o'clock. The Bank of North America was protested this afternoon. The Corn Exchange Bank refused to pay specie. At the Stock Exchange stocks all took a rise, under the belief, that the Bank will all suspend to-morrow. Ten o'clock, P. M.-It is reported. on pretty good authority, that the Bank Presidents are now in session, and have resolved to suspend. The following is the official action of the meeting of Bank Presidents: The Banks have resolved to suspend specie payments as far as paying over the counters is concerned, and make a regular exchange of each other's bills at the clearing house. Also, to send a committee to confer with the Governor in reference to calling a meeting of the Legislature. The committee leaves for Albany at noon to-morrow.

7. October 21, 1857 The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye Burlington, IA
Article from The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, October 21, 1857

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Suspension of Eighteen Banks--Resólusion of others to Suspend. [From the New York papers of Wednesday.| Since the financial crisis has been upon us the city has not passed through so severe an excitement as was witnessed yesterday. At an early hour in the day rumérs were rife that several of the city banks had Buspended, and immediately the vicinities of the different institutions mentioned, and in fact of all the banks in the city, were surrounded with anxious and alarmed crowds, whose excitement was not allayed by seeing the omisous ammouncement ou the doors of the closed banks, "This bank hassuspended." Wall street in particular exhibited a scene which it had not presented since the terrible times of 1837. The banks were literally besieged, not alone by those particularly interested but by multitudes of idlers and alarmists.To such an extent did this reach that the aid of the police had in some instances to be called in to enable the clerks to transact business. On the street the panic manifested steelf in thousands of alarmed faces either passing burriedly along from bank to bank, or gazing in silent stupor from the opposite side walks at the crowds accending and descending the steps of the banking houses upon which the excitement seemed to concentrate. It may be hardly necesmry to my that much of this alarm was needless; but when we look at the notual number of banks which suspended during the day-irrespective of the vague rumors with reference to others flying around through an already over excited community-it is no wonder that the equanimity of the city should have been 80riously disturbed. The banks which closed yesterday are as follows:-North River Bank, Ocean Bank, Irving Bank, Merchant's Exchange, New York Ex. change, Citizens Bank, Marine Bank, Market Bank, Chatham Bank, Tradesman's Bank, St. Nicholas Bank, Butchers' s Drovers Bank, People's Bank, Bull's Head Bank, New York Bank, Leather Manufacturers' Bank, Artisans' Bank, and Broadway Bank. The Banks is Greenwich street closed their like mildfit --

8. October 22, 1857 The Cadiz Democratic Sentinel Cadiz, OH
Article from The Cadiz Democratic Sentinel, October 22, 1857

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the Times of last Friday: OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAVE SPECIE PAYMENT!-This This announce yet official, but practically it is the the case at the close of bank hour We have never, in a long expe essed any catastrophe 80 sudden, of with such wide spread popular ex The public were not generally preby the weekly Bank averages of the rhich appeared this morning.howed an average specie reserve, o -not well distributed to be sure no more inequality than had ofter exhibited. But the average of the to he a declining one. The chich might have been the true test in the middle of the week had millions on Monday (yesterday The generally quiet but steady yun and the pressing redemptions n par- the are supposed to have reduced stually on hand at the close of busin $8,500 000. The Clearing-House it seems, failed to secure unanimity mutual aid, such as were reflected and resolutions published this They did not stand up to the mutual least one, if not two, of the im on the West or North River were virtually denied assist all probably concerted together last the suspension early to day of with a capital of $1,000,000, ppage of the Merchants' Exchange, 00,000, the North River, Irving and Exchange Banks. This was well street by the hour afnoon. Then run. and for three hours the solutely indescribable, attended as popular commotion that brought in from Broadway to Hanover a could only be numbered by fives Every Bank was crowded, the boasted) impregnable.and the weak. Exchange, one of the redeeming New York State county bank and circulation, was first set upon.eavitt the first President (now an Director) of the Bank appeared of No 52 Wall-street, street, and ad owd. He mani ested game, speak for his own, but for six or eight banks. crowd pressed into each bankingvicinity. The paying ing tellers were employed. The gold went out by dreds of thousands. The old Bank chartered seventy years ago, and of $2,000,000, gave way about 2 struck the crowd as the giving keystone of the arch, and the sucincements of the suspension of the Leather Manufacturers, Tradesa dozen up-town banks, ceased Attention was turned to the run upon the other large constreet. The crowd at the Bank of New York, William street and place, was the most quiét; yet paid out in gold. At the Bank of Mechanics the pressure was more lost heavily. At the Union and in the day, the applications for merous, each yingabout $75,000. hants', the drafts were considerable The Republic and Metroheavily run upon, as well as the change. But-we believe that near street banks, except the old N. conference this alternoon only laout-right. was not seriously molested.though not esteemed strong, close. or the banks on Broad Metropolitan, the Mercantile. Chemical, Shoe and Leather, and into conterence without letting Broadway gave way. On the east and Nassua paid through. The payment at 2½ o'clock. The paid through. The Fulton and stopped. Further up town, on the Oriental paid through, and Traders', we believe, The Cit chers' gave way early in the fore. the New York County. The clock, P inted to a general declara in the morn n.4. and the reoof the banks as close their doors as to the course ofthe great body The currency from the Spe be changed to one of Current reurrent funds,and business transdepartment of trade, will at rined to the change. of writing, we do not question the bank conferences now going is not likely, in any event that in the conclave to be prolonged. lard has ceased to be the rule of York for the present The in the Clearing House might averted this catastrophe a week or yielding to counsels that symclosely and surely with the poputhe controlling minds in the asis even probable, as intimated in of yesterday, that and by Laided making by

9. October 22, 1857 The Weekly Pioneer and Democrat Saint Paul, MN
Article from The Weekly Pioneer and Democrat, October 22, 1857

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affecting nearly all the banks in the city, but the list gives all that had certainly suspend. ed up to 3 P. M. The others. it is believed, continued to meet their liabilities to the close of business hours. The sales of Railroad stocks at the first board were small at a general decline. In State stocks business was large at a decline, excepting in Virginia's and Missouri's Bank stock all sold at a decline. The run on the Brooklyn Savings Bank was renewed to-day with less vigor, the bank paying promptly. Several failures in the dry good: line are announced,but none of very prominent firms. LATEST.--The run upon the Mechanics & Merchants Bank of America. Manhattan and American Exchange Banks was severe, and continued up to close of business. The Broadway Bank held out till nearly 3 o'clock, paying out $140,000 in specie: when it gave out, the Leather Manufacturer's Bank subsequently closed its doors. The 7th Ward and Fulton Banks held out under a tremendous pressure. The People's Bank closed at 2 o'clock, after paying out $190,000 in specie during the day. The Bank of the State of New York, paid out its last dollar, and certified all checks presented and then yielded. Tic American Exchange paid all demands, but several others shut their customers out at 3 o'clock. The Bank of North America was protested this A. M. The Commercial Exchange refused to pay specie or bills, but certified checks. The Oriental, Mechanics and Traders, Bowery Savings, Shoe and Leather, Contipental, American, Exchange and Metropo litan, paid their demands up to 3 o'clock, the usual hour for closing. The whole number of Banks suspended to-day with those that were included in the returns of yesterday, is 16. A Bank meeting was held this P. M., at which it is understood a proposition for general suspension was discussed. as also the propriety of urging the Governor to convene an extra session of the Legislature. At the 2d Board of the Stock Exchange, stocks all took 11 rise, under the belief that the Banks will suspend specie payments tcmorrow. There was no run of any account on the Savings, excepting the Bowery and Bleeker streets. They are of the strongest in the city, and have on hand large quantities of specie. The former had $100,000 in available means. The following country Banks are discredited to-day: Oswego River Bank. Goshen; Merchant's Bank. Syracuse; Briggs Bank, Clyde; Bank of Commerce, Carmel: Eagle Bank. Rochester: Bank of Newburg. Anderson: Bank of Ponghkeepsie, Ulster Co. Bank. Sussex Bank, Farmers' and Drover's Bank. Bank State of N. Y., Hoboken City Bank, Jersey Bank. Farmer's Bank of Montague. The following are in substance the official resolutions passed at the meeting of the Bank Presidents this evening: That the Banks of N. Y. suspend specie payment as far as the paying it over their counters is concerned, but make regular exchanges of one another's billsat the clearing house. That committees be appointed to confer with theGovernor in reference to the calling an extra session of the Legislature to legalize the suspension. That such committee leave for Albany at 12 o'clock to morrow. Boston, Oct. 13-The suspension of

10. October 28, 1857 The Spirit of Democracy Woodsfield, OH
Article from The Spirit of Democracy, October 28, 1857

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List of Suspended, Depreciated and Discredited Banks. Leather Manufacturers' Bank, New York City; Hudson County Bank, Jersey City; Broadway Bank New York City; People's Bank New York City; Bank of New York; Farmer's Bank, Petersburgh, Va; Union Bank, New Orleans; Marine Bank, N. Y. City; Tradesman's Bank, " " " " Artisan's Bank, Butcher's and Drover's Bank, New York city; Market Bank, New York City; " " St. Nicholas Bank, " " Pacific Bank, " " " " Irving Bank, " Merchants Exchange," " " North River Bank, " New York Exchange," " " Citizens' Bank, " " Ocean Bank, " " Chatham Bank, " " Bull's Head Bank, " " East River Bank, Pratt Bank, Buffalo, New York, Belleville Bank, Illinois; " Bank of Chester, Stock Security Bank, Illinois; " Corn Exchange Bank, Bank of Pike County, " State Bank of South Caaolina, Charleston;

11. November 18, 1857 The Spirit of Democracy Woodsfield, OH
Article from The Spirit of Democracy, November 18, 1857

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THE SPIRIT OF DEMOCRACY List of Suspended. Depreciated and Discredited Banks. Leather Manufacturers' Bank, New York City; Hudson County Bank, Jersey City; Broadway Bank New York City; People's Bank New York City; Bank of New York; Farmer's Bank, Petersburgh, Va; Union Bank, New Orleans; Marine Bank, N. Y. City; Tradesman's Bank, " " Artisan's Bank, " " Butcher's and Drover's Bank, New York city; Market Bank, New York City; St. Nicholas Bank, " " Pacific Bank, " " Irving Bank, " " Merchants Exchange," " North River Bank, " " New York Exchange," " Citizens' Bank, " " Ocean Bank, " " Chatham Bank, " " Bull's Head Bank, " " East River Bank, " " Pratt Bank, Buffalo, New York, Belleville Bank, Illinois; Bank of Chester, " Stock Security Bank, Illinois; Corn Exchange Bank, " Bank of Pike County, " Woodsfield Retail Market [Corrected weekly by Sinclair & Baker.] WOODSFELD Nov. 17, '57. Flour per barrel, - - - - - - $5,00 Wheat per bushel, - - - - - - 70 Oats per bushel, - - - - - - 25 Corn per bushel, - - - - - - 37 Lard per pound, - - - - - - 10 Rice per pound, - - - - - - 9 to 10 Candles per pound, - - - - - - 18 Tallow per pound, - - - - - - 12 Salt per barrel, - - - - - - 3,00 Hams per pound, - - - - - - 8 Shoulders per pound, - - - - - - 7 Corn meal per bushel, - - - - - - 37 Eggs per dozen, - - - - - - 6 Tea per pound, - - - - - - 75 to 1,00 New Orleans Sugar per pound, - - - - - - 14 Molasses per gallon, - - - - - - 70 Rio Coffee per pound, - - - - - - 15 Java Coffee per pound. - - - - - - 18 Hay per ton - - - - - - 8,00 Fish per pound, - - - - - - 10 Nails 8d. 9d. and 10d. 5½ and 6¼ Brooms per dozen, - - - - - - 2,00 Onions per bushel, - - - - - - 50 Timothy seed per bushel, - - - - - - 2,50 Butter per pound, - - - - - - 15 Potatoes per bushel - - - - - - 25 TO TEACHERS. THE Board of Examiners of Monroe County, Ohio, will, for the purpose of examining Teachers and granting Certificates to those found qualified, hold meetings in the Woodsfield Union School, on each of the following days, viz: Saturday, 24th Oct. at 8 o'clock A. M. " 7th Nov. " " " 21st " " " 5th Dee. " " " 19th " " The examination will commence each day precisely at 8 o'clock, A. M., and Teachers not present at that hour, will not be examined. By order of the Board. JOHN MOORE, Clerk. Woodsfield, Sept. 23, 1857. Sunfish Machine Shop. WILLIAM LITTEN, Proprietor. THE undersigned has purchased the whole of the Sunfish Machine shop, and Blacksmith shop heretofore managed by Kiernan and McBride. He is prepared to do any and all kinds of work in the very best style, and at moderate prices. This establishment has a reputation equalled by none other in the county. Oct. 28, 1857. WM. LITTEN. Notice

12. December 12, 1857 New-York Daily Tribune New York, NY
Article from New-York Daily Tribune, December 12, 1857

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in forces of this party having been divided, and a portion of their stock having found its way back into the street again, the bears in their turn have beco ne the influential parties, and now, strengthened by moderate success and the continued indifference of their rmer opponents, their movements become more determined and confident for a decline. Thus the market stands in its essential points, and while entsiders keep 80 entirely clear of the field, the chances for improvement do not appear encouraging. A more decided fall, together with cheerful accounts from Europe, may stimulate a reaction rapid and strong; but the market needs some items of nourishment of this kind to start from the lethargy which now hangs heavily upon it. At the First Board, lthe went at lower qotations, including New.York Central, which opened at 73% but fell to 731, Erie, which went down to 151, Reading and Toledo. La Crosse was one of the firmest at & practical advance over opening sales, which, however, was lost in the afternoon. At the Second Board, the decline continued as & general thing, and without any special effort on the part of the bears, the market seeming to fade out more in consequence of the "typhoid" state into which the stock business is for the time gradually set thing rather than on account of the movements of those supposed to be interested in producing & depression. As the session tapered off, there was a elight improvement in the tone of the market, prices leaving off with tolerable steadiness. At & later hour, in the street, quotations were given at a trifling improvement. Reading closed at 501 bid; Toledo, 411; N. Y. Central, 721: Erie, 151; Michigan Southern, 181. The floating debt of the Reading Railroad is gradually being absorbed in exchange for bonds of the Company 70. We understand that about half a million of dollars have already come in, and holders of the paper are beginning to be more disposed to the exchange as money becomes easier and rates of interest decline. Bond transactions were light during the day, with a moderate decline in several of the prominent State Stocks. Illinois Central bonds were a little firmer at quotations. The transactions in bills have been very light for the steamer to morrow. The supply is fair and rates are steady. Sterling 108} 1092; Francs, 5.30 181. The non arrival of the Europa checked transactions. Freights are better and more active. To Liverpool, 2,500 bble. Flour at 1s. 6d. 1s. 71d 27,000 bushels Grain at 41d., in bulk, and 5d. in ship's bags; Cotton at 5-32d.; 300 bexes Cheese at 22a. 6d.; 100 bales Oakum at 3-16d. To London, 1,200 bbls. Oil Cake at 2a. P bbl 500 do Rosia at 2a. 6d.; 1,000 do. Flour at 2s.; 50 hhds. Tobacco at 20s.; 50 tes. India Beef at 4a. 6d.; 300 tes. Navy Pork at 4s. 6d.; 400 bbls. do. at 3s. To Glasgow, 40 tuns Oil at 35a.; 75 pkgs. Tobacco at 28 6d. To Rotterdam, 400 bbla. Rosin at 3s. 3d.; 50 bble. Spirits at 4c. P gallon. A bark of 260 tuns to Windward Islands for $1 300. A brig of 350 tuns to Turks Island and back, with salt, at 13c. Sold, by Henry Moulton, ship broker, the superior new ship Augustus, built at Bath, May, 1857, 737 tuns register, on private terms. The business of the Sub-Treasury was: Receipts, $431,218 91, including $54,000 from Customs; Payments, $118,171 21, including $300,000 for tranfer draft on New-Orleans; Balance, $4,230,987 72. The most important financial event of the week is the movement of & portion of the Banks toward specie resumption. A meating of the fourteen Banks which voted at the Clearing-House meeting on Wednesday in favor of settling balances in specie, was held to day, and a Committee was appointed to invite the City Banks to resume specie payments on Monday next. The Committee have issued the annexed circular to the Banks of this city: 'NEW-YORK, Dec. 10, 1857. "SIR: The annexed is a copy of a proposed agreement for the resumption of specie payment by the banks of this city. The concurrence and cooperation of your bank in this important and most desirable ob. ject is earnestly solicited. The agreement itself will be presented on Saturday next for your signature. Your obedient servants, "GEORGE NEWBOLD President. JOHN A. STEVENS, President. C. O. HALSTED. Prendent " JAMES GALLATIN, President." On the third page 18 the following notice, to which the signatures of the various bank officers of the city are solicited In view of the present strong condition of the bar ks of this city, and of their duty to the community and to themselves, the undersigned banks of the City of New-York do hereby give notice that on and after Mond next, the 14th inst. they will resume specie payments on all their obligations. New York, Dec. 10, 1857 The fourteen banks which are parties to this movement are the Commerce, America, Manhattan, Merchants', American Exchange, Phenix, National, Fulton, Chemical, Greenwieh, Leather Manufacturer's, Broadway, Mercantile, Irving. All the banks will probably join in this resumption if it be persisted in, in which case the suspension will have lasted just two months. There will probably be & Clearing-House meeting to morrow (Saturday), to take the matter into consideration. It is understood that an istimation had been received from Gov. King that resump ion was very desirable before the meeting of the Legislature, and he has been telegraphed that it will take place on Monday. Communication has also been had with the Boston banks, which are prepared to resume as soon as New-York is on a specie paying basis. The action of the banks was the prominent topic of conversation on "Change, and that the gereral sentiment appeared to be that it was premature. Some of our leading financiers expressed fears that mischief might grow out of it. The Commerce, the National and the American have been the active movers in this step, these institutions having been desirous of resuming some time since. Those banks which have been opposed to resumption have, however. only urged a short delay on the ground that