First National Bank (Vernon, TX)

Episode Information

Episode UID
403301123
Episode Type
Run β†’ Suspension β†’ Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
40330 national
Charter Number
4033
Start Date
July 22, 1893
Location
Vernon, Texas (34.155, -99.265)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
0e21ea14ed5e87de

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Full suspension, Books examined

Receivership Details

Depositor recovery rate
52.5%
Date receivership started
1893-08-12
Date receivership terminated
1897-04-30
OCC cause of failure
Losses
Share of assets assessed as good
20.8%
Share of assets assessed as doubtful
76.3%
Share of assets assessed as worthless
2.9%

Description

Newspaper reports of an Aug 29 reopening conflict with the known receivership date (1893-08-12); government receivership date treated as authoritative.

Events (5)

1. May 13, 1889 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. July 22, 1893 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Run followed closure of the State National Bank of Vernon and ensuing local alarm; depositors made heavy withdrawals (~$15,000 paid out).
Measures
Bank officers decided not to open Saturday morning; bank paid out funds and closed for the day.
Newspaper Excerpt
After the state bank closed its doors ... a run was made on the First National Bank which paid out about $15,000 before it closed for the day.
Source
newspapers
3. July 23, 1893 Suspension
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Bank suspended (failed to open) following the run triggered by the State bank's closing and local panic.
Newspaper Excerpt
The First National bank failed to open this morning, caused by the run yesterday.
Source
newspapers
4. August 12, 1893 Receivership
Source
historical_nic
5. August 12, 1893 Receivership
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (22)

Article from The Salt Lake Herald, July 23, 1893

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Texas Banks Collapse. WASHINGTON, July 22.-In addition to the heavy failure of government depositors at Louisville three other failures of national banks were reported to Comptroller Eckels this morning. The State and First National banks of Vernon, Texas, capital $100,000, assets $80,000, respectively. The comptroller has appointed William A. Rice receiver of the Puget Sound National bank at Everett, William and George Hoffman receivers of the Bozeman National, Bozeman, Montana.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, July 23, 1893

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Vernon Failures. LA, Tex., July 22.--(SpΓ©cial.)The First National bank failed to open this morning, caused by the run yesterday. After the state bank closed its doors, J. B. Ralston filed deed of trust to secure creditors. His liabilities are three times the amount of his nssets. He was in the hardware business. The town is terribly excited. Joe Schmidt. a hardware man. made a deed of trust today Liabilities twice his assets.


Article from The Evening World, July 25, 1893

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TWO BANKS TO RESUME. Cashier Iomas of a Defunct Bank in Texas Commits Suicide. WASHINGTON, July 25.-The Comptroller of the Currency is advised that the Hutchinson National Bank, of Hutchinson, Kan., which failed some time ago, is preparing to resume business. Mr. Eckels received a despatch this morning stating that Cashier Lomax. of the First National Bank of Vernon, Tex., which failed on Saturday. committed suicide by shooting himself this morning. The First National Bank of Cisco, Tex. which suspended payment on the 3d instant, having complied with the conditions imposed by the Comptroller of the Currency, has been permitted to reopen its doors for business.


Article from The Sun, July 26, 1893

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BANK CASHIER SHOOTS HIMSELF. He was Dejected Over the Run on His Bank and the Lack of Confidence in Him, VERNON. Tex., July 25.-S. W. Lomax, cashier of the First National Bank of Vernon. shot himself this morning. killing himself instantly. He arose about half-past 5 o'clock and went into his parlor. and immediately the family heard the report of a pistol and ran into the room to find him lying on the floor dead with a revolver in his hand. He had shot himself through the heart. On last Friday the State National Bank closed its doors at noon. On that evening a run was made on the First National Bank which paid out about $15,000 before it closed for the day. The bank did not open on Saturday morning. Mr. Lomax complained bitterly of the business men of the city for whom he had been doing favors for years, and who had joined in the run on his bank. This seemed to prey upon his mind, and he was sick on Saturday and Sunday and was dejected and gloomy and his mind seemed to be unsettled.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, July 26, 1893

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S. W. LOMAX DEAD. SUFFERING FROM NERVOUS PROSTRATION Over Business Troubles, He, in a Moment of Mental Aberration, Sends a Bullet Through His Heart. VERNON, Texas, July 25.-(Special.) -A cloud of gloom spread over our city this morning when the word came down town that S. W. Lomax, cashier of the First National bank, here, had shot and instantly killed himself. About daylight he arose from his bed, and asked his wife "why they had called him so early?" She replied that no one had called him. He then stepped into the parlor, which adjoined his bedchamber, and in R. few moments the report of a pistol was heard. Members of the family rushed to the parlor only to find husband and father, dead. The shot took effect over the left nipple, passing through the heart and causing death instantly. When the State National bank closed its doors Friday afternoon, a run was made on the First National, of which Mr. Lomax was cashier. While the bank's funds were not exhausted, at a meeting of the bank's officers Friday night it was concluded that it was best not to open Saturday morning, as there was a probability of the run on the bank being continued, and they, would be compelled to close. The closing of the bank preyed upon Cashier Lomax's mind, and he was seized with nervous prostration, and it was noticed by those who saw him that his mind was not in its normal condition. The bank was the pride of his life, and having to close its doors was too much for his mind to bear, and the heavy strain was only lifted by instant death, as described above. S. W. Lomax was one of Vernon's most progressive, active, energetic and best business men. He was ever ready to work for the best interest of our city and county, and his misfortune in business and his untimely death is deplored by everyone, and his sorrowing family have the sincere sympathy of all our people.


Article from The Indiana State Sentinel, July 26, 1893

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Three Southern Banks Fail. WASHINGTON, July 22.-In addition to the heavy failure of the government depository at Louisville three other failures of national banks were reported to Comptroller Eckels this morning, the failures occurring in sections wide apart. The failed banks are: The State national bank of Vernon, Tex., capital $100,000; the First national bank of Vernon, Tex., capital $80,000, and the State national bank of Knoxville, Tenn., capital $1,00,000. All these banks are small institutions, the deposits in each being in the neighborhood of $100,000. Governor Cooper, connected with the National bank of commerce of Denver, had an interview with Comptroller Eckels this morning as to the bank resuming business. While not assured, it is probable that arrangements may be perfected by which the bank can resume in a short times. The comptroller has appointed William A. Rice receiver of the Puget Sound national bank of Everett, Wash., and Mr. George B. Hoffman receiver of the Bozeman national bank, Bozeman, Mont.


Article from The Carbon Advocate, July 29, 1893

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Wednesday, July 26. Dr. John Rae, the noted Arctic explorer, died in London. Jostah Quincy, assistant secretary of state, intends to resign in the near future By explosions in a dynamite factory near Havre, France, nine workmen lost their lives. It is said that at the present ratio 75,000 pensioners granted under the act of June 27, 1890, will be suspended. Marshal Alexander Hamil, of Ashtabula, O., was fatally shot by two burg. lars whom he was pursuing. e Cashier Lomax, of the First National bank of Vernon, Tex., which failed ou Sat. urday, committed suicide by abooting him. self yesterday. Thursday, July 87. e Edward T. McLaughlin, a Yale university professor, is dead. The execution of the nine condemned Choctows has been postponed from Aug 4 to Sept. 8. e Thomas Jordan and John Olsen were drowned in the lake at Chicago by the capsizing of their boat. Harry Wright, the manager of the Philadelphia Baseball club, will be married in the full to a New York lady. Leo and Olio Mendoza, trapeze perform. ers, fell a distance of twenty feet in a Chicago theater and were probably fatally injured.


Article from Fisherman & Farmer, August 4, 1893

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LATER NEWS. THE silver men's meeting at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, New York City, ended in a boisterous row. Speeches were interrupted, and a war of words caused for two hours. The electric lights were finally turned out amid the utmost confusion. The delegates to the Chicago Convention, however, were appointed. THE Erie Railway was placed in the hands of John King and J. G. McCullough as Receivers, the appointment being made by Judge Lacombe, of the United States Circuit Court, New York City, on the application of Trenor L. Park, a holder of first and second mortgage bonds. He stated in his complaint that the $6,000,000 of floating debt embarrassed the company so that it was in danger of defaulting on its bonds, and many creditors threatened actions. THE Wisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance Company Bank of Milwaukee, Wis., failed; two banks in Indianapolis, Ind., and three in Louisville, Ky., also closed their doors. GENERAL ST. CLAIR, World's Fair Commissioner from West Virginia, tried to enter the World's Fair grounds without his badge and was badly bruised in an encounter with three gatemen. COMPTROLLER ECKLES received a dispatch stating that Cashier Lomax, of the First National Bank of Vernon, Texas, which failed a few days before, had committed suicide by shooting himself. FIFTY deaths daily are reported in St. Louis, Senegal. The disease also prevails in Naples and vicinity, in Italy, and in Smyrna, Asia Minor. M. PAVIE, the French Minister-Resident, left Bangkok; Sir Edward Grey, the Parliamentary Secretary of the British Foreign Office, assured the House of Commons that England would protect her subjects in Siam.


Article from Pawtucket Tribune, August 29, 1893

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Texas Banks to Reopen. WASHINGTON, Aug 29.-The following national banks, which recently suspended payment, their capital being unimpaired, have been permitted to resume business: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex.; the First National bank of San Marcos, Tex., the First National rank of Lockhart, Tex.


Article from New-York Tribune, August 29, 1893

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AFFAIRS OF WESTERN NATIONAL BANKS. Washington, Aug. 28.-The following National banks which recently suspended payment, having complied with the conditions imposed by the Controller of the Currency, and their capital being unimpaired, were to-day permitted to reopen their doors for business: The First National Bank of Vernon, Tex.: the First National Bank of San Marcos, Tex., and the First National Bank of Lockhart. Tex. Controller Eckels has appointed Stewart Rice receiver of the Washington National Hank of Tacoma. Wash. The First National Bank of York, Neb., suspended to-day.


Article from The Providence News, August 29, 1893

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To Start Up Again. WASHINGTON, Aug. 29.-The following national banks, which recently suspended payment, their capital being unimpaired, have been permitted to resume business: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex.; the First National bank of San Marcos, Tex.; the First National bank of Lockhart, Tex.


Article from Daily Kennebec Journal, August 30, 1893

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Texas Banks to Reopen. W ASHINGTION, Aug. 20.-The following national banks, which recently suspended payment, their capital being unimpaired, have been permitted to resume business: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex: the First National bank of San Marcos, Tex., the First National bank of Lockbart, Tex.


Article from The Comet, September 7, 1893

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BANKS THAT HAVE RESUMED AN AVERAGE OF ONE A DAY, WITH MORE IN PROSPECT. The banks that have suspended resumed during the past two weeks, as follows: Greeley National bank, Greeley, Col., Aug. 14. Armourdale bank, Armourdale. Mo, Aug. 16. First National bank, Fort Scott, Kan., suspended July 18, resumed Aug. 16. First National bank, Rico, Col., suspended June 30, resumed Aug, 16. American National bank, Leadville, Col., closed its doors July 1, resumed Aug. 17. First National Bank, Anthony, Kan., suspended July 20, resumed Aug. 18. Union National bank, Denyer, Col., suspended July 18, resumed Aug. 21. Citizens' National bank, Attica, Ind.. Aug. 21. People's National bank, Denver, Col., suspended July 19, resumed Aug. 21. Central National bank, Pueblo, Col., suspended July 5, resumed Aug. 21. Hamilton County State bank, Fort Dodge, Ia., suspended Aug. 7, resumed Aug, 21. City Saving bank, Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 22. Henning's bank, Plain, Ill., Aug 22. First National bank, The Dalles. Ore., suspended July 31, resumed Aug. 25. Fourth National bank, Louisville, Ky., suspended July 22, resumed Aug. 26. Comptroller of the Currency Eckels has fixed the time for the resumption of several suspended banks as follows: Farmers' Exchange bank, San Bern ardino, Cal., Aug. 25. The Fall River (Wis.) bank, Aug. 25. First National (Mankato, Minn.) Sept. 1. Mankato National, Mankato, Minn., Sept. 1. Citizens' National, Mankato, Minn., Sept. 1. Permission to resume has also been given to the following banks: First National, Vernon, Tex. First National, San Marcos, Tex. First National, Lockhart Tex. The stockholders of the National, bank of Kansas City, Mo., met Friday and decided to resume busin SS.


Article from The Houston Daily Post, February 16, 1894

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# THE WOODS TRIAL. The trial of Tom J. Woods, Jr., was resumed in the Federal court this morning. Ex-Receiver Daniel C. Baxter was on the stand until court adjourned for dinner. His testimony was not sensational. He identified notes signed by Thomas J. Wood for Wood & Willams and stated that $209,000 of the notes were found in the bank. He was asked if Wood did not turn over his diamonds and other personal property to him. This question was asked by Colonel Seay for the defense. Witness answered "Yes, I did." Later it developed that the wife of the prisoner claimed the diamonds as her own personal property and Receiver Baxter returned the precious stones to the lady. Receiver H. T. Morgan was called as a witness this afternoon. He testified as to the condition of the assets when the wrecked bank passed into his hands. The deficit was very large and the stockholders had to put up $180,000 to square accounts. District Attorney Eugene Marshall then offered the books of the bank, now in the hands of the receiver, in evidence. The defense objected and wanted permission to investigate the books. Judge Rector granted the request and from 5 o'clock to 7 o'clock this evening the attorneys for Wood inspected the books. Receiver Morgan and a deputy United States marshal were present. From the evidence adduced Wood speculated on a large scale in real estate and cotton, particularly in the former. He used the funds of the bank and gave his own notes for the same. If the boom bubble had not been pricked he would have made a large fortune and been a Napoleon of finance today instead of a prisoner in the dock. The trial will last several days. J. M. Regan, Indicted for subordination of perjury in the bond of the case, was released today, having made an acceptable bond of $2500. A. M. Brittain, president of the First National Bank of Vernon, had six indictments returned against him by the Federal grand jury. One is a "Jumbo" indictment and contains many specifications. Two members of Brittian's family were also indicted in connection with the same bank failure.


Article from The Coconino Weekly Sun, February 22, 1894

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MISCELLANEOUS. ROBERT PERRY and his little sister were poisoned from eating wild parsnip roots at Gallipolis, O., and died in great agony five minutes apart. IT is thought Gov. Northen's action in endeavoring to prevent prize fighting in Georgia will become an issue in politics. THE treasury recommends that the beacon light of the statue of liberty in New York harbor be extinguished. The cost of the light for seven years has been $64,759.92. According to the lighthouse board, the beacon is not an aid to navigation. CARLO THIEMAN, the attendant in Daniel Boone's wild animal show, San Francisco, who was horribly mangled by three lions, had a change for the worse and was in a very critical condition. THE steamer City of Paducah ran into the Tennessee river bridge at Paducah, Ky. She was considerably damaged and the bridge superstructure was shaken. ONE of the dormitories at the Rosebud Indian agency in South Dakota has burned. Loss, $50,000. The building was erected in 1889, and accommodated 200 children, some of whom narrowly escaped with their lives. THE Paris police announces that it seems to be definitely established that the Hotel Terminus bomb thrower's name is Emile Henry and that he was born at Barcelona, Spain, on September 26, 1872, of French parents. JUDGE CALDWELL at St. Louis overruled Judge Dundy's order concerning the schedule of wages on the Union Pacific. Judge Caldwell says Dundy should have consulted the men when he listened to the receivers. The employes were quite jubilant over the turn of affairs. P. J. SWASEY, a wealthy liquor merchant of Fort Worth, was arrested at Dallas, charged with wrecking the First national bank of Vernon, Tex. THE coal mine at Blocton, Ala, is on fire. The pumper was suffocated to death. Five hundred men are thrown out of work. THE boiler in Lockwood's elevator at Kelly, Ia., exploded, killing John Tanner and fatally injuring William Sells. JONES, WITTER & Co.'s dry goods and notions, Columbus, O., was destroyed by fire. Loss over $200,000 on stock; well insured. IT is reported that thousands of cattle are perishing in the Texas Panhandle as a result of the recent storm. MRS. ANDREW Foy, of Chicago. who has been the principal witness against Daniel Coughlin, has sued her husband for divorce. She claims he has deserted her ever since she testified in the trial. THE people of Cross, Ok., are indignant at the villainous lies sent out by the Associated press of a father killing his family while insane from the blizzard and of children and other persons perishing from cold.


Article from San Antonio Daily Light, September 24, 1894

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Texas Bank Receiver Appointed. WASHINGTON, Sept. 24.-The comptroller of the currency has appointed T. W. Robinson, receiver of the State National bank of Vernon. Robinson is also receiver of the First National bank of Vernon.


Article from Pine Bluff Daily Graphic, September 25, 1894

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Robinson Receiver. WASHINGTON, Sept. 25.-The comptroller of the currency has approved T. W. Robinson receiver of the State Na. tional bank of Vernon, Tex. Robinson is also receiver for the First National bank there.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, March 15, 1896

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FOR SALE-The remaining assets of the two insolvent banks, to-wit: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex., and the State National bank of Vernon, Tex. Said assets consist of notes, accounts, claims, judgments, stocks, furniture, fixtures and real estate: also the banking house of the First National bank. A list of these assets can be seen at the receiver's office in Vernon, Tex., where propositions to purchase any of this property will be received.. Address T. Windsor Robinson, Receiver, Vernon, Tex.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, March 22, 1896

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FOR SALE-The remaining assets of the two insolvent banks, to-wit: The First National bank of Vernon. Tex., and the State National bank of Vernon, Tex. Said assets consist of notes, accounts, claims, judgments, stocks, furniture, fixtures and real estate: also the banking house of the First National bank. A list of these assets can be seen at the receiver's office in Vernon, Tex., where propositions to purchase any of this property will be received.. Address T. Windsor Robinson, Receiver, Vernon, Tex.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, March 24, 1896

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FOR SALE-The remaining assets of the two insolvent banks, to-wit: The First National bank or Vernon. Tex., and the State National bank of Vernon, Tex. Said assets consist of notes, nocounts. claims, judgments, stocks, furniture, fixtures and real estate: also the banking house of the First National bank. A list of these assets can be seen at the receiver's office in Vernon, Tex., where propositions to purchase any of this property will be received.. Address T. Windsor Robinson, Receiver, Vernon, Tex.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, March 26, 1896

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FOR SALE-The remaining nssets of the two insolvent banks, to-wit: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex., and the State National bank of Vernon, Tex. Said assets consist of notes, nocounts. claims, judgments, stocks, forniture, fixtures and real estate: also the banking house of the First National bank. A list of these assets can be seen at the receiver's office in Vernon, Tex., where propositions to purchase any of this property will be received.. Address T. Windsor Robinson, Receiver, Vernon, Tex.


Article from Fort Worth Gazette, March 27, 1896

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FOR SALE-The remaining assets of the two insolvent banks, to-wit: The First National bank of Vernon, Tex., and the State National bank of Vernon, Tex. Sald assets consist of notes, R.C. counts, claims, judgments, stocks, furniture, fixtures and real estate: also the banking house of the First National bank. A list of these assets can be seen at the receiver's office in Vernon, Tex., where propositions to purchase any of this property will be received.. Address T. Windsor Robinson, Receiver, Vernon, Tex.