Merchants Bank (New Orleans, LA)

Episode Information

Episode UID
4277602890749
Episode Type
Suspension โ†’ Closure
Bank Type
state
Bank ID
427760289 hash
Start Date
May 19, 1862
Location
New Orleans, Louisiana (29.955, -90.075)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
41d1bd6e9a6cdae9

Response Measures

None

Description

A military general order (No. 294) directed liquidation and suspension, effectively closing the bank.

Events (2)

1. May 19, 1862 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
MERCHANTS BANK, NEW ORLEANS. May 19, 1862. This bank is prepared to pay balance in Confederate notes, which must be drawn before the 27th inst, WM. S. MOUNT. Cashier.
Source
newspapers
2. August 23, 1862 Suspension
Cause
Government Action
Cause Details
General Order No. 294 (Headquarters, Dept. of the Gulf) by the commanding general ordered Merchants' Bank to go into liquidation for insufficient cash assets under Louisiana law.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Merchants' Bank...are hereby ordered to go into liquidation, and to suspend all business save the collecting of their own assets.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (5)

Article from New Orleans Daily Crescent, February 26, 1859

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95 Southern Steamship Company 75 Jackson Railroad 8 Ret. Mortgage Bonds In uncurrent bank notes there have been larger offerings during the week. Of some kinds triple and quadruple of any week of the season. Considerable sums of the issues of the banks of South Carolina and Georgia formed a share of the increase. From the manner in which many distant bank notes are offered, forces us to the conclusion that stipulations are entered into between parties, those who directly receive the notes, that they shall be circulated away from home-that is, distant from the place of issue. For instance, it is not many years since North Mississippi was considered a good place to put Carolina and Georgia money in circulation. It often is attempted at the present time. The notes are, however, sent to this market, sold to our brokers, who forward them to the place of redemption, demand New York funds, and very often entire packages, fresh as when issued, are presented at the counter without being opened. We observe that the great Metropolitan Bank of New York has started a paper on its account, denominated a Bank Note Reporter, which is edited in part by one of the tellers of the bank, though it is declared in the prospectus that the bank has no interest in the enterprise. That, however, is neither here nor there ; it certainly looks very queer for a bank teller to be co-partner in a Bank Note Reporter. This Bank Note Reporter professes to be very accurate in its quotations. There does not appear to be much accuracy in its statements, when it says, under the head of closed banks in Louisiana, which means New Orleans: " That the State Bank, Louisiana, is closed ; that the Planters' Bank, New Orleans, is broken; that the Western Bank, Rome, is closed ; that the Exchange and Commercial Bank of New Orleans is closed that the Exchange, New Orleans, is closed." For the information of the great Metropolitan Bank of New York, with its long array of stockholders, directors, president, cashier, tellers and editor, we have to state to them there were no such banks in Louisiana as the Exchange Bank of New Orleans. There was the St. Charles Hotel and Exchange Banking Company but it is doubtful if there were any of its notes in circulation, as it was liquidated 15 years ago. As for the Exchange and Commercial Bank of New Orleans, there is no record of any such corporation. As for the thing called Planters' Bank, there was a bank of that name, which failed in the year 1820, almost, but not quite, 40 years ago. There was the old Merchants' Bank, which closed in 1842, 17 years ago, which is entered as closed. As for the State Bank, we suggest that the banking and exchange firm at No. 31 Camp street, the resident partner of the firm, who is a director in the bank, should address Mr. Robert Sewell, one of the editors of the paper, and who is at the head of the firm of Sewell, Ferris & Co., exchange dealers, Wall street, and for which firm our Camp street friend acts occasionally as agent. We suggest that he address those editors, and relieve them of any doubts regarding the State Bank of Louisiana. The great Metropolitan Bank of New York appears, however, to encourage the assumption of the paper in question-that is, it enII dorses the prospectus, and as one of its prominent officers or tellers heads the paper, we hold this great mammoth dry-goods bank responsible. We have At observed, from time to time, that many of these Bank Reporters have kept a list of supposed defunct banks, but we have not met with any until the present publication, which quoted our State Bank as being closed. We also have to inform all editors, far to and near, that we have a bank in this city called the Merchants' Bank, which went into effect on the first of this month that its notes are just as good as M gold, and we suggest that hereafter they will not al confound it in their tables with the old defunct Merer. ef chants', of 17 years ago, which, by-the-bye, never 59 suspended specie payments during the memorable crisis of 1837 to 1840, and went into liquidation in 1842. If there are any of its notes in existence, we ve 3D, should like to look at them, as we have yet to learn that any of its bill-holders lost by it. There have been very few receipts of specie this week. Mexican dollars are in request at 105. American silver, of the new coinage, moves along quietly. ted The supply is free, and likely to continue so, though there will be none coined at the Mint for some time to come. There has been a slight variation in Spanish doubloons. 0., Land warrants have declined. The deliberate ly quibbling away of the public lands by Congress at LY tracts the attention of settlers who have no desire to all buy warrants at prices which will give them a homesh. stead for a mere nominal sum. This giving away the public domain is a kind of buncombe movement. He will make a poor settler and a miserable farmer who cannot by his labor accumulate forty dollars to invest Hub. in a land warrant, or one hundred dollars for eighty eet acres of good land. of We annex our usual weekly quotations of coin and en, fair uncurrent money, being the rates of John Wood, cor the ner Camp and Common streets B cent. premium 1@1ยฝ American half Dollars, old coinage %@1 d'scoun American quarter Dollars, old coinagag. %@1 discoun American Silver, new coinage M47%@5 BE cent. premium Mexican Dollars. 91 4@6 cent. premium Spanish Pillar Dollars 94(a,95c Five Franc Pieces 80@4 Sovereigns. 1@2 cent. disc un California Coins 3 81@3 rk Twenty Franc Pieces 3 90@3 Ten Guilder Pieces 7 75(a)7 Ten Thaler Pieces $15 50@15 RT Mexican Doubloons $16 30@16 Spanish Doubloons firg 17@17 50 California Dust is nomins Notes


Article from The New York Herald, May 30, 1862

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If we sell our andize to the federals and receive payment in specie, or approved currency, whatever ad vantage they derive from the trade, we receive ponding one in return If we decline to deal with them, they seize our goods and enjoy the whole benefit without any equivalent to us. In the one case it is not only no injury, but substant tial benefit to us. and but little ad. vantage to them. In the other they enjoy the whole benefit and we suffer total loss Whatever may be pugnance to any intercourse or dealings with them, we do not see that either judicious expedient thus to reject their money in payment of goods. which we presame they will seize and take off without compensation, if we refuse to receive it. The State of Finances in New Orleans. LATEST MONETARY REPORT. OFFICE NEW ORLE TRUE DELTA NEW ORLEANS May 17 1862 The past week has been arked by increasing activity in the stock market. and by the promulgation of an im portant order by the Com handing General of the fed forces for this military department, touching the bank misce and the Sales of of rency city stocks transpired daily fabulous figures, and opera tions this class of securities were restricted only by the limited character ot the supply but particulars of as heretorore, most negotiations were, scrupuprivate lously suppressed for the time. though transactions to public auction were on a safficientl extensive scale indicate the ruling prices of the market There was nothing done in bonds from the opening to the close of the week, and there were no offerings of any class upon the market, so far as we have thus far been able to ascertain. General Butler's order on the currency question prohibits the city of New Orleans and the banks thereof from exchanging their notes. bills or obligations for Confederate notes. bills or bonds, and from issuing any bills, notes or obligations payable in Confederate notos. And it further ordains that on the 27th inst. all circulation of or trade in Confederate notes and bills will cease within this military department and all sales or transfers of property made on or after that date, in consideration of such notes or bills, will be void, and the property confiscated to the United States. The order which the above is the substance was first published this morning, and it has already caused almost a panic among the holders of Confederate securities Treasury notes have been sold to-day at heavy sacrifice, and those possessed of no other currency will doubtles be npelled accept for At them just whatev speculators may wish to offer the same time it is wholly unknown what currency Gen Butler designs substituting for them. though freely conjectured that it will be United States Treasury notes. Should this opinion prove correct. much suffering must arise from the absence of small change, as the numero mouths shinplasters several have been which for past freely used to meet all the requirements of trade for fractional parts of dollar sums under five dollars. have been almost exclusively based upon Confederate latter and the necesthe must of suppression currency sarily rendor the former valueless and therefore useless to the public. We presume only necessary to re spectfully invite General Butler's attention to the calamities likely to arise from the transition in the cy and that he will be able to devise some plan to shield the thousands of deserving poor in our city from the inevitable losses which would arise from suspension of the small note circulation till substitute be in readiness to meet the demands for provisions and other indispen sable necessaries Operations of every kind have continued at stand in the outside money market since the date of last weekly review and the bank movement has been re stricted as heretofore, to the payment of depositors checks and the liquidation or renewal of maturing obli gations. Transac tions in specie progressed as for some for for rates but in exchange weeks past, Confederate notes and for bank and city bills have studily ge of advanced. exchar have been limited to Offerings small amount of sterling bills. but no sales have been of to the week. close Receipts up the uncurreported of rent bank notes have been, if anything still lighter than heretofore, and negotiations were of too restricted a character throughout to establish reliable quotations. [From the True Delta of May 19.1 THE CURRENCY PROCLAMATION We have not had the requisite leisure to reflect fully over the proclamation of Major General Butler in rela tion to the currency, but so far as the bauks are con cerned we can perce ve no objection to their substit of their own paper in payment of deposites in every case, up to the present time. The presidents and directors of those titutions are too honorable and patriotic to dishonor the currency they were so anxious to intro duce to the public. and we are sure they will cheerfully aid in facilitating change of currency which cannot be otherwise than distressing to many members of the community We are not among those who doubt the patriotism or disinterestedness of banking institutions. THE "SOLID" MEN OF THE CRESCENT CITY PROVIDING CURRENCY. A [From the New Orleans Bulletin, May 20.] TO NOTICE PUBLIC. THE The undersigned parti complied with the re solution of the Common Council 6,027, and placed their securities in the hands of the Treasurer. the public are that the informed of issue small hereby notes said of parties will be redeemed at the City Treasurer's office, commencing on Wednesday . 21st inst. The Treasurer would respectfully request parties having considerable and sums notes, these small of means the of holding them for a few days, to do so: under the assurance that redeemed as will be they as carly possible. and by this means give chance to the poor people who have them in small amounts, and require for their daily sustenance, to be relieved first He also assures merchants and others that they may take them for their merchandise in safety as the parties have lodgdd abund ant security for their redemption and bound themselves to make no further issue:- Thos Payan & Co. D. H Holmes, Joseph Santini. B. Miller & Co., William Wil liams, Dan. Edwards & Son Adam Wagner G W Lehde Beals & Miller. Holtzel & Zoelly Cresan & McMil Ian,J.&J C. Davidson. C. W Cammack Metz & E. Hacker. Haggerty Brothers. James Cosgrove H. E. Law. rence on P Cazenave, Henderson & Gaines. Goo. W Gre gor & Co ADAM GIFFEN, City Treasurer. THE EFFECT OF GENERAL BUTLER'S ORDER NO. 29 ON THE CITY TREASURY AND THE BANKING INSTI TUTIONS. [From the New Orleans Bulletin of May 20.) NOTICE TREASURER'S DEP ARTMENT. NEW ORLEANS May 19 1862 To all collecting agents for the city, such as the City Attorney, Assistant City Attorney Rego ders, Pound Keepers Jail. Prison. orkhouse Insane Asylum and Houses of Refuge Keepers you are hereby notified to settle up your accounts with the city by Monday, the 26th, after that time no confederate money can be received from them ADAM GRIFFEN. City Treasurer. BANKING HOUSE OF JUDSON & Co. NEW ORLEANS May 19. 1862. All parties having deposits of Confederate notes with us are hereby notified to withdraw them prior to he inst. Such balances as may not be withdrawn will be considered at the risk of the owners and held subject to their order. JUDSON CO., & Corner of Camp and Canal streets. BANKING HOUSE OF SAM' SMITH & Co., NEW ORLE EANS, May 19 1862. All persons havin: deposited Confoderate notes in this banking house are notified to ithdraw them before the 27th inst. Such balances as may not then be withdrawn will be considered at the risk of the owners. SAM'L SMITH & CO. New ORLRANS CANAL AND BANKING COMPANY. NEW ORLEANS, May 20 1862. Parties having deposits of Confederate notes in this bank are hereby notified to withdraw the same previo to the 27th inst. A! balances resulting from such deposits as shall not then have been ithdrawn will be at risk of said parties. By order of the Board A. H. KERNION. Cashier. BANK OF AMERICA. NEW ORLEANS May 19 1862. All persons having deposits of Confederate notes in this bank are notified to withdraw them by the 25th inst. Such balances as may not be then withdrawn will be con. sidered as the risk of the owners C. CAVAROC. Cashier pro tem. LOUISIANA STATE BANK, New ORLEANS. May 17,1862. Parties having oposited Confederate notes with this bank are requested to withdraw the same before the 27th inst all dealing in them thereafter is prohibited. All balance of said deposit not withdrawn will be the risk of the depositors. By order. L. BERNARD Cashier. MERCHANTS BANK, NEW ORLEANS. May 19, 1862. This bank is prepared to pay balance in Confederate notes, which must be drawn flefore the 27th inst, WM. S. MOUNT. Cashier. UNION BANK OK LOUTHIANA New ORLEANS, May 17,1862.


Article from Chicago Daily Tribune, September 10, 1862

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HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE GULP, NEW ORLEANS, August 23, 1862. GENERAL ORDER No. 294. - The Merchants' Bank and Crescent City Bank having. by their own showing, no such cash assets as under the Jaws of Louisiana would entitle them to contir ue to be banks of issue and deposit, are hereby ordered to go into liquidition, and to suspend all business save the collecting of their own assets. The several boards ot directors are respecitively made a board of trastees to wind up the affairs of the bank. Tuey will issue DO bills, pay no deposits, contract no new obligations. nor cancel any obligation without & fail equivalent in behalf of the bank, and pay no debts without further orders. They will respectively make report under oath of a majority of the board weekly of the


Article from Alexandria Gazette, September 11, 1862

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Governor Morton, of Indiana, has issued a proclamation exempting from the draft the "people called Quakers," but requiring them to pay an amount of money which shall be deemed an equivalent for such exemption. The weather was SO intensely warm at Cincinnati on the 4th, that many of the volunteers were overpowered by the heat, and compelled to leave the ranks on their march. The London Army and Navy Gazette describes Gen. McCiellan's campaign as the most signal failure seen in this century. The cotton "pinch" in England is beginning to be seriously felt. Only 18,000 bales American left now,--and as that will all be gone before October,-"the question is, what is to be done to feed the empty mouths and hungry stomachs hitherto dependent." Said Pasha lately gave Louis Napoleon a dinner in the Egyptian style. Every+ thing was perfect. There was water from the Nile, but you may be sure that they didn't have to go out of Paris to find their Mrs. Potiphar. Where they secured a Joseph is another matter. It appears that Congress passed an act last session, imposing a heavy tax on Gas. Justice, like Charity, sometimes begins at home. A dispatch to the Granada (Miss.) Appeal states that the Society of Friends in North Carolina has memorialized the Confederate Congress for a modification of the new.conscription act in their favor. New Orleans dates of August 28th say that General Butler had issued an order requiring the Merchants' and Crescent City Banks to go into liquidation.General Beauregard and staff arrived at Mobile on last Saturday a week ago. The general's health is fully restored, and he has been assigned te duty at Charleston. Gen. Buckner has been promoted to be a major general. Governor Curtin, of Penn., has issued an order calling all the able-bodied men of the State to arms to resist the threatened invasion.Harrisburg is being fortified. It is stated that Gen. Heintzleman has been appointed to command the army of Virginia, with headquarters at Alexandria. The Richmond Dispatch says:--"Our loss in the battle of the 30th ult., is estimated at between eight hundred and a thousand killed and wounded. The enemy is known to have been more than double that number." The Richmond Dispatch of the 6th, says:"There are now sixty-eight of General Pope's commissioned officers and one of his surgeons in confinement here. They are not considered prisoners of war. An aid of Gen. Burnside recently captured is, however, placed in that category.' Southern papers say that the armed Confederate steamer Yorktown was totally lost on the 26th ult., while on the way from Mobile to Havana. a


Article from New-York Daily Tribune, September 22, 1862

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FROM NEW-ORLEANS. We have received New-Orleans papers to the 14th instant, which state that the city is quiet and in a tolerably healthful condition. Only one case of yellow fever is noticed. The Delta in an article asking the question, "Shall we have a City Guard," says: Nearly twelve thousand of our citizens have already taken the oath of allegiance. Of that number, it is fair to suppose that one-half, at least, have been influenced by pure motives; and in taking that oath have meant and understood all that it implied. It certainly implies, among other things, that they are to afford the Government not only the moral support of their aid and countenance, but also the physical support of their services, if the occasion should demand them. Not a few, however, of the outspoken Union men of the city, and those not the least influential, seem to consider, that instead of their supporting the Government, the Government is bound to support them. Accordingly, we find these pure patriots very active and zealous in the pursuit of fat offices, but very lukewarm in promoting anything like a military organization, even though its object may be simply the protection of their own firesides from the outrages of mob. In the event of an attack on the city, what do this army of office-holders expect? To repose calmly in their beds, and be protected by the Union soldiers? But those soldiers will all be needed to meet and fight the foe. They cannot be expected to remain behind for the protection of able-bodied men, who are certainly more interested than they are in the preservation of order. Poor fellows, whose worldly wealth finds room enough and to spare within the compass of a knapsack-are they to rally round the palaces of opulent office-holders and keep their inmates from harm? Brave fellows, whose valor on the battle-field might lead to deserved promotion, and send their names blazing with glory in the dispatches of their leaders to cheer the loving hearts at home-is that valor to be expended in the suppression of a vile mob? We think not. If the wealthy Union men of New Orleans desire to be protected from violence in the event of an attack on the city, they had better be prepared to protect themselves. The Delta urges the immediate organization of a Home Guard, and calls upon those who have taken the oath of allegiance to commence the work at once. GEN. BUTLER AND THE BANKS. Gen. Butler, in General Order No. 294 orders the merchants and Crescent City banks to go into liquidation and to suspend all business save the collection of their own assets, in consequence of their having by their own showing not such cash assets as would enable them to continue to be banks of issue and deposit. They are required respectively to make weekly reports under oath of a majority of the Board, the exact condition of the banks and the changes from each report. The order says: In order that the public may be assured in their confidence in the final redemption of the liabilities of the bank, it is further ordered that the slightest breach of good faith in the officers of the bank, or in winding up the affairs of the bank, will be summarily and exemplarily punished. THE NATIVE GUARDS. In General Order No. 63, Gen. Butler pays a high compliment to the Native Guards, composed of the free colored population of New-Orleans. After citing the commission given to its officers, the order says: And whereas, Such military organization elicited praise and respect, and was complimented in General Orders for its patriotism and loyalty, and was ordered to continue during the war in the words following: HEADQUARTERS LOUISIANA MILITIA, ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE, March 24, 1862. ORDER NO. 426.-1. The Governor and Commander-in-Chief, relying implicitly upon the loyalty of the free colored population of the city and State, for the protection of their homes, their property, and for Southern rights, from the pollution of a ruthless invader, and believing that the military organization which existed prior to the 15th February, 1862, and elicited praise and respect for the patriotic motives which prompted it, should exist for and during the war, calls upon them to maintain their organization, and to hold themselves prepared for such orders as may be transmitted to them. II. The Colonel Commanding will report without delay to Major-General Lewis, commanding State Militia. By order of THOMAS O. MOORE, Governor. M. GRIVOT. Adjutant-General. And Whereas, said military organization by the same order was directed to report to Major-General Lewis for service, but did not leave the city of New-Orleans when he did, Now, therefore, the Commanding-General, believing that a large portion of this militia force of the State of Louisiana are willing to take service in the volunteer forces of the United States and beenrolled and organized to "defend their homes from ruthless invaders;" to protect their wives and children and kindred from wrong and outrage, to shield their property from being seized by bad men; and to defend the flag of their native country as their fathers did under Jackson at Chalmette against Pakenham and his myrmidons carrying the black flag of "beauty and booty:" Appreciating their motives, relying on their "well-known loyalty and patriotism," and with "praise and respect" for these brave men, it is ordered that all the members of the "Native Guards" aforesaid, and all other free colored citizens recognized by the first and late Governor and authorities of the State of Louisiana as a portion of the Militia of the State, who shall enlist in the volunteer service of the United States, shall be duly organized by the appointment of proper officers, and accepted, paid, equipped, armed, and rationed as other volunteer troops of the United States, subject to the approval of the President of the United States. All such persons are required at once to report themselves at the Touro Charity Building, Front Levee street, New-Orleans, where proper officers will muster them into the service of the United States. By command of Major-Gen. BUTLER. R. S. Davis, Captain and A. A. A. G. COMPLIMENTED FOR MERITORIOUS SERVICES. The following order speaks for itself: HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE GULF,) NEW-ORLEANS, Aug 25, 1862 GENERAL ORDER, No. 62-The Commanding General has carefully revised the official reports of the action of Aug 5, at Baton Rouge, to collect the evidence of the gallant deeds and meritorious services of those engaged in that brilliant victory. The name of the lamented and gallant Gen. Williams has already passed into history. Col. Roberts of the 7th Vermont Volunteers fell mortally wounded, while rallying his men. He was worthy of a better disciplined regiment and a better fate. Glorious as it is to die for one's country, yet his regiment gave him the inexpressible pain of seeing it break in confusion when not pressed by the enemy, and refuse to march to the aid of the outnumbered and almost overwhelmed Indienians. The 7th Vermont Regiment, by a fatal mistake, had already fired into the same regiment they had refused to support-killing and wounding several. The Commanding General therefore excepts the 7th Vermont from General order No. 57, and will not permit their colors to be inscribed with a name which could bring to its officer and men no proud thought. It is further ordered, that the colors of that regiment be not borne by them until such time as they shall have earned the right to them, and the earliest opportunity will be given this regiment to show whether they are worthy descendants of those who fought bad, Allen and with Stark at Bennington. The men of the 9th Connecticut, who were detailed to man Nim's Battery, deserve special commendation. The 14th Maine Volunteers have credit for their gallant conduct throughout the day. Col Nickerson deserves well of his country, not more for his daring and cool courage displayed on the field when his