Bank of the State of Minnesota (St Paul, MN)

Episode Information

Episode UID
8225516190711
Episode Type
Run β†’ Suspension β†’ Closure
Bank Type
state
Bank ID
822551619 hash
Start Date
March 16, 1859
Location
St Paul, Minnesota (44.944, -93.093)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
552d57b5ec335bc8

Response Measures

None

Description

An assignment of the bank's money and effects to A. G. Langford indicates permanent closure/insolvency rather than a temporary suspension.

Events (4)

1. March 16, 1859 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Repeated presentation of notes for gold by local firms (Messrs. Borup & Oakes) deliberately withdrawing specie.
Measures
Paid gold to presenting notaries when demanded; resisted extraordinary mass redemptions.
Newspaper Excerpt
This Bank has been subject to a run from Messrs. Borup & Oakes, which commenced on the first day it opened its doors for business.
Source
newspapers
2. October 13, 1859 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Ongoing systematic withdrawal of the bank's bills by two local banking houses, monthly large redemptions in specie.
Measures
Closed doors to protect creditors; prioritized depositors (sums < $100 to be paid first).
Newspaper Excerpt
a systematic run has been made with the bills of the Bank for gold and exchange from the day it opened ... carried on chiefly by two Banking houses of this city
Source
newspapers
3. October 13, 1859 Suspension
Cause
Correspondent
Cause Details
Failure/suspension of eastern correspondents (Sewell, Ferris & Co.) and return of protested drafts precipitated the closing/assignment.
Newspaper Excerpt
To protect your interests ... its doors were closed this morning, and an assignment of the money and effects of the Bank, for the benefit of creditors, made to A. G. Langford, Esq.
Source
newspapers
4. October 15, 1859 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
There can be no loss to depositors, and their speedy payment may be confidently expected. N. P. LANGFORD, Cashier. St. Paul, Oct. 13th, 1859.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (5)

Article from Saint Paul Weekly Minnesotian, March 19, 1859

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Article Text

# The Controversy Between the Banks. [The following article was called forth by an editorial item in the Times of Wednesday stating that bills of the Bank of the State of Minnesota, presented by Messrs. BORUP & OAKES for redemption, had been redeemed in small coin, terming it a "trick" &c. Wegive the reply of the President of the Bank and also appended a statement from Messrs. BORUP & OAKES.-Ed.] ST. PAUL, March 16, 1859. To the Editors of the Times. SIB: Judging by the article in your paper of this morning, headed "Something of a Run," you have been misinformed in relation to the matter of redemptions by the Bank of Messrs. Borup & Oakes. The following is a true history of the matter which I think you should give to the public in your columns, in answer to the article above alluded to. This Bank has been subject to a run from Messrs. Borup & Oakes, which commenced on the first day it opened its doors for business. Mr. Oakes presented for redemption on the second day after opening $100 dollars of the notes of this Bank, demanding gold for them, which he was paid. They continued to present and demand gold from time to time, until they had received some $2,500 gold for the said notes. This Bank has always been ready to draw on New York at a quarter less than current rates for its notes, thus making them worth to the holder per cent. more than Illinois and Wisconsin currency, and always convertible. Messrs. B. & O., agreed with the officers of this Bank to become the footmen and Runners of Messrs. B. & O., in a matter relating to endorsed currency, the said B. & O., forgot the agreement they had previousiy made. Messrs. B. &.O., by means of such representations as they made to a respectable notary, persuaded him to present for them, notes of this Bank for redemption. Said notary on presenting said notes, and learning the truth of the matter, refused to have anything further to do with the business. Messrs. B. & O., then procured the services of one S. S. Eaton, a notary who presented notes for redemption, on the 12th inst., and was paid legal coin of the United States, which he left on the counter. He soon returned, and pocketing his previous payment, presented more notes, for which he was tendered legal coin. The fourth time he called, he presented eight dollars and demanded gold for them. The cashier made him a legal tender for them, which he refused, and asked the cashier if he refused to pay gold. The cashier replied he did not. Said notary left, and on Monday evening this Bank received notice from the Auditor of the State, that he had received a formal notice of protest of the notes of this Bank, to the amount of eight dollars. The said notary certified in his protest of said notes, that he demanded lawful money of the United States, which was refused. The Bank of the State of Minnesota is ready, at all times, to redeem its issues in specie, and will do so, in gold, to the entire satisfaction of the public, when bills are presented in the usual course of business; but when extraordinary means to withdraw our bills from the channels of business, for the purpose of wantonly annoying and injuring us, we feel justified in paying such coin as the laws clearly uphold us in paying, without consulting the convenience of the harpies who seek not alone to injure us, but who, by discouraging Banks of issue, prevent the increase of many facilities, and strike a blow at the commercial interest of the community. Not a dollar would be invested in banks anywhere, if their issues were to be systematically run home for gold; more especially would this be true in this State, where the circulating medium is currency, at not less than one per cent. discount for gold. A moment's regard to the operations of business will render this obvious: A bank loans its bills at a moderate discount to business men, and is repaid in the ordinary mixed currency, worth one per cent. less than gold; if the bills so loaned out, are immediately gathered up, and returned to the bank for gold, the bank sustains a loss that would compel it to retire its notes, and close business; and to the extent of its capital, the business community would lose many facilities. We apprehend the public will not be slow in appreciating its interests in this question. P. WHITNEY, President, # TO THE PUBLIC. The issue between the Bank of the State of Minnesota and ourselves, is simply this: 1. We claim the privilege to demand the redemption of their own bills at their own counter, in regular business hours, just as it suits us, without giving any reason to the bank for so doing, and without paying any premium for such redemption. At the same time, we disclaim all intention of "running" this or any other bank, but we have daily to make remittances to New York and elsewhere, and can only do it by converting currency into something available for that purpose. The bank has always offered to give us exchange at 1ΒΌ, but for reasons of our own we have preferred to take no risks, and paying in addition for doing so, 2. The Bank has repeatedly insisted upon its right to redeem one bill at the time. 3. The Cashier has taken upon himself to take the bills away from our messenger, offer such redemption as he saw fit, and when this was declined, he refused even to return the bills. 4. The Bank claims the privilege of redeeming a certain amount in one cent pieces. To all of this we object. In our opinion there


Article from The Weekly Pioneer and Democrat, October 14, 1859

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Article Text

BANK OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA.Some excitement was occasioned yesterday by the closing of the doors of this bank. The reason assigned for this action is, the suspension of eastern correspondents, and the consequent return on them of protested drafts. It is understood that the owners of this bank are responsible for the issues of the Nicollet County Bank, located at St. Peter. By the last report, the circulation of the Bank of the State was only about $14,000, to secure which there are deposited in the office of the Auditor $26,000 of Minnesota eight per cent. bonds, which are above par at this this time in New York. Of the Nicollet County Bank there are also $14,000 of notes in circulation, for the redemption of which there are $30,000 in University bonds deposited with the Auditor. No fears are entertained by the holders of notes on either of these banks of sustaining any loss. We are advised by the owners of the Garden City Bank that there is no connection between that and the Bank of the State nor the Nicollet County Bank, and that their issues are secured by Minnesota eight per cent. bonds. The excitable state of the public mind in relation to financial affairs renders the sus-


Article from Saint Paul Weekly Minnesotian, October 15, 1859

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Article Text

MONETARY.-The doors of the Bank of the State of Minnesota" were closed this morning, giving rise to sundry rumors concerning it. But the facts of the case, (as well as we can learn them-in lieu of any official statement emanating from the officers) show it to have been owing to causes that are not local, but such as are liable to occur to banking institutions anywhere under the same circum stances. This, we understand, was the failure or suspension of their eastern partners, and the return on them of protested drafts. These houses were the owners of the "State Bank of Minnesota,"-founded on Minnesota 8's-and the "Bank of Nicollette County," founded on State University Bonds. The circulation of the Bank of the State, as reported by the officers. in accordance with the banking law, last week, was a little over $14,000, to secure which there are over $26,000 worth of Stocks on deposit. They also report on Oct. 9th, $14,000 of notes of the Nicollette County Bank in circulation, to secure which $30,000 of the State University Bonds is deposited with the Auditor. The suspension will not affect the value of their circulating notes in the least. The Minnesota 8 per cents were sold in New York a a few months ago at 108-which still leaves the bills "as good as gold." The State University bonds have no market value that we could at present quote, but holders of the bills should not get panic-struck and sacrifice them as usually the case. As is usual in such cases, absurd rumors concerning other banks were invented, and re-issued again more ridiculous than at first, -until some little panic had been created.But those who know how such things are generally fabricated, will not be deceived by them.


Article from Saint Paul Weekly Minnesotian, October 15, 1859

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THE BANK OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA.-We have received the following communication from N.P. Langford, Cashier of the above Bank, which we noted yesterday as having closed its doors. To Depositors, Bill-holders and other crediitors of the Bank of the State of Minnesota: -To protect your interests, in common with the interests of Stockholders of this Bank, its doors were closed this morning, and an assignment of the money and effects of the Bank, for the benefit of creditors, made to A. G. Langford, Esq. The immediate occasion of this is the return of drafts under protest, resulting from the failure of Messrs. Sewell, Ferris & Co. of New York, and the demand by the holders of these drafts, that they should be provided for at once. Duty to other' creditors, and especially to depositors, required that we should decline to sacrifice their interests to meet this demand We were thereby exposed to attachment, and deemed the course we have taken the only alternative. It is due to the public that we should state the primary and real cause of our disaster, involving as it does, a principle that precludes the possibility of any Bank of issue sustaining itself in this city, while doing a legitimate business, viz: the fact that a systematic run has been made with the bills of the Bank for gold and exchange from the day it opened. This run has been carried on chiefly by two Banking houses of this city. With an outstanding circulation of the bills of the Bank of the State and Nicollet County Bank, of but about Fifty Thousand dollars, these two firms have run in from ten to fifteen thousand dollars monthly. In view of the great scarcity of gold and eastern exchange that has existed, intelligent business men will not be surprised that the Bank has had to yield to this wanton run. It is only to be regretted that the Bank did not at the outset abandon the enterprise of adding capital and money facilities to the business of the city. It'is expected that the Stock securities of the Bank will protect bill-holders. Depositors have been preferred :-sums less than one hundred dollars to be paid first. The amount of deposits is but about nine thousand dollars. Depositors who hold drafts of the Bank are next protected, and lastly, all other creditors. There can be no loss to depositors, and their speedy payment may be confidently expected. N. P. LANGFORD, Cashier. St. Paul, Oct. 13th, 1859.


Article from The River Falls Journal, November 2, 1859

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The Bank of the State of Minnesota, at St. Paul, has suspeended, and its owners are responsible for the issues of the Niccollet County bank at St Peter.There are sufficient bonds deposited with the State Auditor to redeem the circulation at 201A