Merchants & Traders Bank (Brunswick, GA)

Episode Information

Episode UID
87449791176
Episode Type
Run โ†’ Suspension โ†’ Closure
Bank Type
state
Bank ID
8744979 hash
Start Date
December 27, 1897
Location
Brunswick, Georgia (31.150, -81.491)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
c66a8c7a3fc310de

Response Measures

None

Description

Directors chose liquidation and a receiver was appointed; suspension followed a multi-day run.

Events (3)

1. December 27, 1897 Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Prior plan to place bank in receivership and steady withdrawals eroded confidence, producing a quiet three-day run
Measures
President refunded deposits received on prior days; directors sought outside funds and negotiated with other banks to avert closing
Newspaper Excerpt
After a steady but quiet run, of three days duration, the institution succumbed
Source
newspapers
2. December 29, 1897 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
Judge Sweat last night appointed Dr. M. Madden temporary receiver for the bank. / President Madden has been appointed receiver of the bank and S. C. Atkinson attorney. Receiver James S. Wright later paid dividends to creditors (1899).
Source
newspapers
3. December 29, 1897 Suspension
Cause
Voluntary Liquidation
Cause Details
Directors decided to suspend and allow liquidation in the courts after unsuccessful efforts to obtain backing
Newspaper Excerpt
The Merchants' and Traders' Bank suspended payment today...the directors resolved to let liquidation take its course
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (18)

Article from The Cecil Whig, June 17, 1893

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1 From the special correspondent of THE WHIG. f Brunswick's Bursting Boom. BRUNSWICK, GA, June 8, 1893. e DEAR WHIG:-I think it was some three ) years ago I wrote you some account of the boom that had started in Brunswick. e Capalists from New York came down here, purchased two or three hundred acres of I town lands, laid out building lots, started the Brunswick Company, induced citizens to take stock in the same, built a magnificient hotel at a cost of 165,000 dollars, built e street railways, had the stock listed at the stock exchange at New York, sold lots at exhorbitant prices, induced people to build, started a boom of speculation and in fact set people crazy as to the future of Bruns. wick. Lots valued at 300 dollars before the $ boom, rapidly sold for one to two thousand, with few exceptions, and all lseemed anxious to speculate in town lots. To accommodate P borrowers, four banks were] started, two f National, the First National bank and the Oglethorpe National Bank, and two State banks, the Brunswick State Bank and the Merchants and Mechanics Among and foremost of the speculators were the presi dents of the Oglethorps National Bank, the First National Bank and the Brunswick State Bank, who it appears now were using the funds of their respective institutions in private speculations, and 80 the thing went on. And now comes the inevitable result. Five or six weeks ago faint rumblings of the storm began to be heard and telt. A few conservative men who had not participated in kite flying, began to set their houses in order. Well the burst came. Talk about your western cyclones, the worst of them were but gentle zephyrs in comparison to the cyclone that struck this town three weeks ago. leaving ruin and desolation in its track. Three weeks ago the president of the Oglethorpe National Bank entered it at 9 a. m., had a short talk with his compeer and associate the president of the First National, then passed into a private room and blew his own brains out. The bank immediately closed its doors (which it would have done at any rate.) As soon as the President of the First National Bank reached his bank he closed its doors and they both remain closed. The failure of the two prominent banks caused a run on the two State Banks, and one week later the Brunswick State Bank went under. The Merchants and Traders Bank still holds out and may weather the storm. We all hope it may, but the feeling of distrust is so prevalent in this community that no one can estimate for the future. The U.S. bank examiners are in charge of the two National Banks and the probabilities are they will be put in the hands et receivers. An effort is being made by the stockholders and directors of the Brunswick State Bank to reopen it and make a fresh start with new officers, but the general impression is that they will all go into the hands of receivers. If so, then great distress and suffering must accrue in the course of winding up these institutions, and it will be a long time before depositors get paid off, if ever. am pleased to be able to say that the Cecil delegation located here escaped the fury of the storm with but slight damage and are safely anchored in port with sails all set for coming breezes. Of course business is in a measure paral. yzed for the present and every thing looks dark. But when the effects of storm have passed away, it will start up again on better and firmer grounds and the sad experience of the last few years will be remembered as a costly lesson to profit by in the future. CECIL Yours,


Article from The Morning News, November 11, 1897

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CASHIER LANE RESIGNS. Brunswick to Lose One of It's Most Level Headed Financiers. Brunswick, Ga., Nov. 10.-A. H. Lane, vice president of the Merchants' and Traders' Bank, has resigned. By unanimous vote of the directors, he has consented to manage the bank's affairs until Jan. 1. He retires from active business temporarily to devote some months to travel. For nearly ten years he has occupied a prominent position financialy and socially in this section. During the panic of 1893, Mr. Lane became one of the most striking figures in local banking circles. When the crash came, locally, that sent three banks to the wall, accompanied by a tragedy which startled the business world, he was the most -conspicuous figure. His personal guarantee of aid to carry tottering institutions through the panic served largely to allay fears. When an onslaught was made at that time on the Merchant's and Trader's Bank by anxious depositors, Mr. Lane wired to Savannah for $50,000 in silver, and secured it before bank hours by using a special engine. The morning of its arrival he rode through the streets of Brunswick in a double team express wagon loaded with the coin, and followed by a crowd of cheering citizens, and aided the teller in paying it out. His ready command of cash and utter disregard of the panicky feeling, served largely to restore confidence in local business circles and brought depositors in the remaining solid institutions to their senses. Mr. Lane has banking connections in Savannah and Valdosta, which are towers of strength. Locally he owns the Hotel St. Simons and other investments, which yield handsome profits. His decision to leave Brunswick is greatly regretted.


Article from Santa Fe Daily New Mexican, December 29, 1897

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Georgia Bank Failure. Brunswick, Ga., Dec. 29.-The Merchants' & Traders' bank failed to open this morning. The capital stock is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to:put the bank in the hands of a receiver and ever since depositors have been withdrawing, and the bank has been losing outside business. A majority of the stockholders are solvent, and positors will be paid in full, if court expenses do not oodsome all the cash realized. Mr. J. M. Maddox is president and Mr. A. P. Lane, vice president.


Article from Deseret Evening News, December 29, 1897

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Georgia Bank Fails. Brunswick, Ga., Dec. 29,-The Merchants' and Traders' bank of this city failed to open its doors this morning. The capital stock is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver and ever since the depositors have been withdrawing and the bank has been losing outside business to such an extent that it was finally determined to close and let the liquidation proceed in court. A majority of the stockholders solvent and the depositors will be


Article from The Columbian, December 30, 1897

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Finally Forced to Close. Brunswick, Ga., Dec. 30.-The Merchants and Traders' Bank of this city failed to open its doors yesterday morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver, and ever since the depositors have been withdrawing, and the bank has been losing outside business to such an extent that it was finally determined to close.


Article from The Times, December 30, 1897

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Bank Failure in Brunswick, BRUNSWICK. GA., Dec. 29.-The Merchants' and Traders' Bank, of this city, failed to open its doors this morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver and ever since the depositors have been withdrawing and the bank has been losing outside business to such an extent that they finally determined to close and let the liquidation proceed in the court. A majority of the stockholders are solvent,


Article from The Morning News, December 30, 1897

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BANK CLOSED AT BRUNSWICK. MERCHANTS AND TRADERS' SUSPENDS AFTER A RUN. ( The Assets Estimated at $135,000 and the Liabilities at $85,000 to $90,000-Lowest Estimate Classes 65 Per Cent. of the Assets as Good. Payment of Depositors Likely to Be Accomplished Without Calling on the Stockholders for an Assessment. Brunswick, Ga., Dec. 29.-The Merchants' and Traders' Bank suspended payment today. The bank's capital stock is $100,000, the assets $135,000, and the liabilities $85,000 to $90,000. The lowest estimate places 65 per cent. of the bank's assets as good. Its stock is held by solid business firms and institutions in Georgia, principally Savannah, Valdosta, Atlanta and Brunswick and New York. Fifty per cent. of this stock could respond immediately if called upon for 100 cents on the dollar. The officers of the Merchants' and Traders' are J. M. Madden, president; W. B. Cook, cashier; directors, A. G. P. Dodge, A. H. Lane, C. D. Ogg, James L. Foster, M. Isaac and J. B. Wright. Some weeks ago an effort was made to place the bank in a receiver's hands. Since then. the bank men claim, confidence has been failing, until the quiet run of the past few days became too great. Responding to telegrams, Vice President Mills B. Lane of the Citizens Bank of Savannah arrived to-day and conferred with the two remaining Brunswick institutions regarding liquidating the Merchants' and Traders' affairs. Liberal offers of aid were made jointly by the Brunswick banks and Mr. Lane, but they failed. At 4 o'clock Attorneys Sam C. Atkinson, J. W. Bennett and Owen Johnson left, on a special train for Waycross to apply for a receiver. A most careful investigation and search for facts shows that the depositors will probably be paid without the stockholders being called upon for aid. To-day Prestdent Madden refunded all moneys paid in by depositors yesterday and the day before. The money due individual depositors will not exceed $15,000. There was no excitement around the other Brunswick banks to-day. To-night $70,000 additional currency reached Bruns. wick to be used if needed. Information to-night states that J. M. Madden has been appointed receiver of the bank and S. C. Atkinson attorney.


Article from The Wilmington Daily Republican, December 30, 1897

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Suspension of a Georgin Bank. Brunswick. Ga., Dec. 30.-The Merchants' and Traders' bank. of this city, failed to open its doors yesterday. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver, and ever since the depostiors have been withdrawing and the bank has been losing outside business to such an extent that it was finally determined to close. Application has been made by the directors to raise sufficient cash to pay all depositors on the liquidation.


Article from The Brunswick Times, December 30, 1897

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CLOSED ITS DOORS: RECEIVER NAMED. r Merchants and Traders' Bank Suc. cumbs to a Steady Run. MADDEN IS TEMPORARY RECEIVER. Owes Depositors Forty Thousand-Couldn't Make Liquidation Arrangements. Other Banks All Right. The Merchants and Traders' bank failed to open its doors for business yesterday morning. After a steady but quiet run, of three days duration, the institution succumbed, and the directors resolved to let liquidation take its courseeither in or out of the courts. The Merchants and Traders' is a state institution, and has been in existence for a considerable term of years. It was organized by Dr, J. M. Madden, who still remains its president. In the crisis of 1893. when the First National, Oglethorpe and State banks succumbed,the Merchants and Traders' and the Savings and Trust company were the only institutions that survived. For some time past, however, the bank had been regarded as weakening, and an unsuccessful effort was made a few months ago to put it in the hands of a receiver. Since that time the deposits have been steadily decreasing, and, during the past three days, a quiet run has been made. On Tuesday. President Madden personally returned all deposits which had been made on Monday and Tuesday. Yesterday morning it was decided to suspend payments. It was the intention of the directors to into voluntary liquidation. Pursuant to this purpose, Mills B. Lane, vice-president of the Citizens' bank.of Savannab, arrived yesterday morning, and meeting of the bankers of the city was held. Mr. Lane offered to furnish funds to pay all depositors, if protected by the endorsements of the directors, and the assets of the bank. The arrangement could not be made, as all the required endorsements could not be obtained. Hence, the negotiations were shandoned, and the courts will settle the bank's affairs. A special train !eft for Waycroes in the afternoon, baving on board a number of attorneys. They went to appear before Judge Sweat and ask the appointment of a temporary receiver. Cashier W. B. Cook made the following statement to a TIMES reporter last night: "The causes of the bank's suspension are decrease of deposits and difficulties of collection. The assets are $150,000 and the liabilities $80,000. The amount due individual depositors is $40,000. Of the assets 75 per cent. can be safely counted as solid and 60 per sent. is surely solid." The officers of the institution are: J. M Madden, president, and W. B. Cook, cashier. The directors are A. G. P. Dodge, A. H. Lane, C.D. Ogg, J. L. Foster, M. Isaac and J. B. Wright. These gentlemen are all solid financially, and at least half of them could respond immediately to 100-cent on. the-dollar calls. As shown in another article, the two other banks in the city are able to meet all demands. Mr. W. M. Mann, the Jekyl island contractor, was one of the largest depositors. The stock of the Merchants and Traders' bauk was held by individuals, but good clices of it belong to banks in New York and Savauhah Judge Sweat last night apporated Dr. M. Madden temporary receiver for the bank. There were several gentiemen mentioned, among them J. S. Wright and Sam C. Atkinson.


Article from The Brunswick Times, December 30, 1897

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r Equipped Than Ever to Give Brunswick a Live Newspaper. Judge Sweat also appointed Judge O HO! HO! Sam C. Atkinson attorney for the reCLOSED ITS DOORS ; SPANISH HAUL DOWN deiver. S" GET GAY. RECEIVER NAMED. OTHER BANKS SOLID. STARS AND STRIPE Large Amounts Received By National and e Claim That Over Merchants and Traders' Bank SucSavings and Trust. Barcelona Mob Could Not Endu dred Voted Last night's express brought to the cumbs to a Steady the Sight of Our city $50,000 in cash for the National Run. gally. Flag. Bank of Brunswick and $20,000 in cash for the Brunswick Savings and Trust company. These two instituE OF THEM ALL. MADDEN IS TEMPORARY RECEIVER. OUR CONSUL COMPLETELY COWE tions are not affected by the failure of the Merchants and Traders' bank. Vice-President F. D. Aiken, of the cording to "Goo Goo" Owes Depositors Forty Thousand-Couldn't Captain of an American Vessel Forced Savings and Trust company, said rams Got Only 13. Make Liquidation Arrangements. Hide Freedom's Emblem While in to a reporter last night: ely Silly. Other Banks All Right. Port. "The Savings and Trust Co. has stood ready and willing to give the Merchants and Traders' bank all the of the entire municThe Merchants and Traders' bank New York, Dec. 29.-A special to t aid in our power, to avert the closing tation IS furnished failed to open its doors for business Journal and Advertiser, from N of its doors. No disposition has been contest which have yesterday morning. After a steady Haven, Conn., says: shown, however, to keep the bank's he "Good Govern. but quiet run, of three days duration, "Capt. George N. Kelsey, of t affairs out of the courts. A receiverour aldermen-elect. the institution succumbed, and the dischooner Wallace Ward, which h ship appears to be the only wind up re served late Tuesrectors resolved to let liquidation take just arrived here from Barcelor of the matter. The course of the Sathe certificates of its course either in or out of the courts. Spain, insists that the American co vings and Trust company has been issued to Messrs. The Merchants and Traders' is a sul at that port fears mob violence actuated entirely by patriotic motives. ck, Abrams and state institution, and has been in exand is unable to keep the America Our bank will probably remain open istence for a considerable term of flag flying on Uncle Sam's vessels. I urtil 6 p. m. tomorrow, in case any claims made in the years. It was organized by Dr, J, put into port there September 16, r one is uneasy." is to indulge in the M. Madden, who still remains its presmaining three days. At first the sta Vice President E. H. Mason, of the aracterization. For ident. and stripes floated from the masthea National bank, said that the National In the crisis of 1893. when the First aim and superlative but Spanish loiterers, attracted by had been willing to help all efforts tc0" grounds of conNational, Oglethorpe and State banks gathered by the side of the vessel a ward liquidation, but at the meeting succumbed, the Merchants and Traders' threatened violence. The America in the morning, the efforts had proven tain a list of 532 and the Savings and Trust company consul heard a rumor that the crow futile, and a receivership was the log1 are claimed to be were the only institutions that surpurposed burning the vessel, and ical result. vived. e astounding claim sent word to Captain Kelsey to ha The banks will, of course, not lose nly legal votes reFor some time past, however, the down the flag. Captain Kelsey defi the $10,000 taken by Express Agent inning caudidates bank had been regarded as weakening, the Spaniards, but next day the cons Mabry, as that is a matter entirely and an unsuccessful effort was made a repeated his advice and Capta between the Savannah shippers and 43 few months ago to put it in the hands Kelsey was reluctantly persuaded the express company. 38 store the stars and strines below des of a receiver. Since that time the de-


Article from The Indianapolis Journal, December 30, 1897

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A Georgia Bank Closed. BRUNSWICK, Ga., Dec. 29.-The Merchants' and Traders' Bank of this city failed to open its doors this morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver, and ever since the depositors have been withdrawing, and the bank has been losing outside business to such an extent that its officers finally determined to close and let liquidation proceed in the court. A majority of the stockholders are solvent, and the depositors will be paid in full if the court expenses do not consume all the cash realized.


Article from The Houston Daily Post, December 30, 1897

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Bank Closes. Atlanta, Ga., December 29.-A special to the Journal from Brunswick, Ga., says: The Merchants' and Traders' bank of this city failed to open its doors this morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000. The stockholders are solvent and the depositors will be paid in full if the court expenses do not consume all the cash realized. Dr. J. M. Maddox is president and A. H. Lane vice president of the bank. No run will be made on the other banks, the National of Brunswick and the Brunswick Savings and Trust company.


Article from The Morning News, January 6, 1898

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Judge Sweat at Brunswick. Wayeross, Ga., Jan. 5.-Judge Sweat left to-night for Brunswick, to pass upon the receivership matter of the Merchants and Traders Bank and another matter of local interest at Brunswick.


Article from Gulf Coast Breeze, January 7, 1898

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Subscribe for this paper and keep posted on affairs in general. BRUNSWICK BANK QUITS. Directors will Allow Liquidation to Proceed In the Courts. The Merchants and Traders bank of Brunswick, Ga., failed to open its doors Wednesday morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000 and the amount due depositors is $40,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of 4 receiver and ever since depositors have been withdrawing to such an extent that the directors finally determined to close and let liquidations proceed in the courts.


Article from Gulf Coast Breeze, January 7, 1898

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Subscribe for this paper and keep posted on affairs in general. BRUNSWICK BANK QUITS. Directors will Allow Liquidation to Proceed In the Courts. The Merchants and Traders bank of Brunswick, Ga., failed to open its doors Wednesday morning. The capital stock of the bank is $100,000 and the amount due depositors is $40,000. Some months ago there was a plan to put the bank in the hands of a receiver and ever since depositors have been withdrawing to such an extent that the directors finally determined to close and let liquidations proceed in the courts.


Article from The Morning News, January 23, 1898

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Glynn County's Commissioners. Brunswick, Ga., Jan, 22.-Glynn County's Commissioners met to-day and re-elected James S. Wright chairman, After this an election of county officers was held resulting as follows: County attorney, R. Ernest Dart; county physician, Dr. C. Cate; county clerk, John C. Lehman; superintendent convict farm, A, Lyles. Chairman Wright tendered his resignation as a member of the board. He urged its acceptance on the grounds that his business interests and duties as receiver of the Merchants' and Traders' Bank demanded his attention. The resignation was finally accepted.


Article from The Morning News, February 1, 1898

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Bank Assets Moved. Brunswick, Ga., Jan. 31.-The portable assets of the Merchants and Traders Bank were to-day moved by Receiver Wright to an office in rear of the custom house building. The Oglethorpe Bank building, former quarters of the Merchants and Traders, will be sold to-morrow.


Article from The Morning News, July 11, 1899

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Paying a Good Dividend. Brunswick, Ga., July 10.-Receiver James S. Wright of the Merchants and Traders Bank to-day commenced paying a dividend of 10 per cent. to the creditors of that defunct institution. This is the second dividend that has been paid the creditors, the first one being 25 per cent. The affairs of the receivership have been well handled by Mr. Wright, and there are indications that another good dividend will be paid within the next few months. The present one will distribute $7,200 among the creditors.